Evaluating processing temperature and feeding value of extruded-expelled soybean meal on nursery and finishing pig growth performance1,2

Abstract

We conducted two experiments comparing the use of extruded-expelled soybean meal (EESoy) to solvent-extracted soybean meal (SBM) in swine diets. In Exp. 1, the objective was to determine the optimal processing temperature of EESoy for nursery pig growth performance. Pigs (n = 330, 13.2 +/- 2.3 kg of BW) were fed a control diet containing SBM with added fat or one of five diets containing EESoy extruded at 143.3, 148.9, 154.4, 160.0, or 165.6 degrees C. All diets were formulated on an equal apparent digestible lysine:ME ratio. From d 0 to 20, no differences were observed (P > 0.32) in ADG or ADFI (average of 544 and 924 g/d, respectively). However, gain:feed ratio (G/F) improved (quadratic, P < 0.01, range of 0.56 to 0.60) with increasing processing temperature, with the greatest improvement at 148.9 degrees C. In Exp. 2, the objective was to determine the feeding value of EESoy relative to SBM with or without added fat for growing-finishing pigs in a commercial production facility. A total of 1,200 gilts (initially 24.5 +/- 5.1 kg of BW) was used, with 25 pigs per pen and eight replications per treatment. Dietary treatments were arranged in a 2 x 3 factorial, with two sources of soybean meal (SBM or EESoy) and three levels of added fat. Pigs were phase-fed four diets over the experimental period and added fat (choice white grease) levels were 0, 3.4, and 7% initially, with the added fat levels decreasing in the next three dietary phases. Energy levels were based such that the higher energy in EESoy (with or without added fat) was calculated to be equal to that provided by SBM with added fat. From 24.5 to 61.2 kg, pigs fed EESoy had greater (P < 0.07) G/F than those fed SBM. Increasing added fat in either EESoy- or SBM-based diets increased G/F (linear, P < 0.0003). From 61.2 to 122.5 kg, ADG and G/F were unaffected in pigs fed EESoy and/or increasing added fat (P > 0.10). For the overall growing-finishing period, ADG was unaffected (P > 0.61) by increasing energy density of the diet; however, ADFI decreased (P < 0.05) and G/F increased (P < 0.02, range of 0.37 to 0.40) as energy density increased with either EESoy or added fat. Carcass leanness was not affected by dietary treatment. These results indicate that EESoy should be extruded at 148.9 to 154.4 degrees C, and that increasing dietary energy density by using EESoy and/or added fat improves feed efficiency in finishing pigs reared in a commercial environment.

Effects of dietary iodine value product on growth performance and carcass fat quality of finishing pigs1

“…This results in a product with greater fat content (~7 vs. <1% fat) than conventionally pro-cessed solvent-extracted soybean meal (Woodworth et al, 2001). Like the results herein, Webster et al (2003) found improved G:F of pigs fed diets containing EESM compared with those fed a control diet.…”

“…Alternative feed ingredients such as extruded expelled soybean meal (EESM) and dried distillers grains with solubles (DDGS) have been successfully included in swine diets (Webster et al, 2003;Stein and Shurson, 2009). However, both feedstuffs increase the amount of unsaturated fats in the diet and, therefore, may influence carcass fat quality because carcass fat composition is affected by dietary fatty acids (Brooks, 1971;Wood, 1984;Gatlin et al, 2002).…”

Standardized ileal amino acid digestibility in dry-extruded expelled soybean meal, extruded canola seed-pea, feather meal, and poultry by-product meal for broiler chickens

“…This technology has been adopted as an alternative means of producing soybean meal and other oilseed meal and oils for human consumption or the livestock industry, or both (Webster et al, 2003). The extruder-expeller process results in a product (DESBM) that has a higher fat content compared with solventextracted soybean meal (Webster et al, 2003;Opapeju et al, 2006).…”

“…This technology has been adopted as an alternative means of producing soybean meal and other oilseed meal and oils for human consumption or the livestock industry, or both (Webster et al, 2003). The extruder-expeller process results in a product (DESBM) that has a higher fat content compared with solventextracted soybean meal (Webster et al, 2003;Opapeju et al, 2006). A co-extruded blend of canola seed and pea (50:50 wt/wt) has been evaluated as a potential high-energy and protein ingredient for poultry and swine in Western Canada (Golian et al, 2007;Kiarie and Nyachoti, 2007).…”

Substituting fishmeal with extruded soybean meal in diets did not affect the growth performance, hepatic enzyme activities, but hypoxia tolerance of Dolly Varden (Salvelinus malma) juveniles

“…ESBM also showed higher soluble dietary fibre content, better water and oil retention capacities, and improved swelling capacity (Jing & Chi, ). The fat content is higher in ESBM compared with solvent‐extracted SBM, indicating a promising application prospects for DSMB in livestock and poultry industries (Opapeju, Golian, Nyachoti, & Campbell, ; Webster et al, ).…”