Europeanisation Beyond the Member States

Abstract

Through conditionality, socialisation, externalisation, and imitation, the EU generates external effects. The comparison of EU relations with "quasi-member states", candidate countries, the European neighbourhood, other OECD countries, and far-away regions shows that the mechanisms and conditions of Europeanisation vary significantly across contexts. In general, however, market power and supranational regulation are the most important conditions of effectiveness. In their absence, the EU's institutions can merely serve as an agency for socialisation and a model for imitation -albeit with a limited and superficial impact.

External dimensions of European environmental policy: An analysis of environmental treaty ratification by third states

“…Research on the EU's external governance typically addresses this aspect by identifying the mechanisms through which the EU can steer the behaviour of third states (see, e.g., Lavenex ; Knill & Tosun ; Lavenex & Schimmelfennig ; Lavenex et al. ; Schimmelfennig , ). Inspired by this literature but with a focus on the perspective of the third states, we argue that there are specific characteristics of such countries in relation to the EU that will make them either more or less likely to ratify the EU's preferred MEAs.…”

“…In addressing this research gap, we propose a theoretical model inspired by the concept of the EU's external governance (see, e.g., Lavenex ; Schimmelfennig & Sedelmeier ; Knill & Tosun ; Lavenex & Schimmelfennig ; Lavenex et al. ; Schimmelfennig , ). Specifically, this model identifies why third countries with or without a prospect for full EU membership agree to modify their policies and institutions towards alignment with the European model.…”

“…Specifically, this model identifies why third countries with or without a prospect for full EU membership agree to modify their policies and institutions towards alignment with the European model. Based on Schimmelfennig (), we argue that by joining the EU's preferred MEAs, third states seek to signal their compliance with EU environmental standards in an effort to become eligible for various rewards the EU might potentially offer. More precisely, we propose three EU‐related drivers of MEA ratification in third states: first, the explicit desire to join the EU; second, the endeavour to obtain and/or maintain access to the EU's lucrative markets; and third, the prospect of receiving aid and assistance from the EU.…”

Unintended Consequences of State-building Projects in Contested States: The EU in Palestine

“…Although a nascent bibliography has developed in the last few years on the question of unintended consequences of international state-building or international security assistance (Daase and Friesendorf 2010;Schneckener 2010;Schroeder 2010), the issue of unintended consequences of EU-led state-building projects and/or civilian missions has largely been left on the margins of discussions of the EU's effectiveness as a conflict resolution player. This is also linked to a more general approach of the literature on EU external relations, which has mainly focused on assessing the EU's external performance and impact abroad (e. g. Sasse 2008;Schimmelfennig 2010;Börzel 2011).…”

Marko Kmezić (2017) EU Rule of Law Promotion: Judiciary Reform in the Western Balkans.

“…In his book, Kmezić builds on the already existing scholarship on 'Europeanization', reflected in the works of Schimmelfennig (2010) and Sedelmeier (2006;2011). During his research for this book, he collected empirical data on the EU's transformative power with regard to the effectiveness of rule of law and judicial sector reform.…”