European Pear

Dondini, Luca; Sansavini, S.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-0763-9_11

Cited by 29 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 101 publications

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“…Among 13 wild accessions in European group I, P. pyraster accessions were those most closely related to European group II accessions. Thus, it seems that P. pyraster , which grows widely throughout Europe [ 29 ], is likely the progenitor species from which cultivated European pears are derived. It is important to note that very few changes in clustering of European pears were observed at different K values (Additional file 1 : Figure S3a).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversification and independent domestication of Asian and European pears

et al. 2018

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BackgroundPear (Pyrus) is a globally grown fruit, with thousands of cultivars in five domesticated species and dozens of wild species. However, little is known about the evolutionary history of these pear species and what has contributed to the distinct phenotypic traits between Asian pears and European pears.ResultsWe report the genome resequencing of 113 pear accessions from worldwide collections, representing both cultivated and wild pear species. Based on 18,302,883 identified SNPs, we conduct phylogenetics, population structure, gene flow, and selective sweep analyses. Furthermore, we propose a model for the divergence, dissemination, and independent domestication of Asian and European pears in which pear, after originating in southwest China and then being disseminated throughout central Asia, has eventually spread to western Asia, and then on to Europe. We find evidence for rapid evolution and balancing selection for S-RNase genes that have contributed to the maintenance of self-incompatibility, thus promoting outcrossing and accounting for pear genome diversity across the Eurasian continent. In addition, separate selective sweep signatures between Asian pears and European pears, combined with co-localized QTLs and differentially expressed genes, underline distinct phenotypic fruit traits, including flesh texture, sugar, acidity, aroma, and stone cells.ConclusionsThis study provides further clarification of the evolutionary history of pear along with independent domestication of Asian and European pears. Furthermore, it provides substantive and valuable genomic resources that will significantly advance pear improvement and molecular breeding efforts.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s13059-018-1452-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversification and independent domestication of Asian and European pears

et al. 2018

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“…Among the Occidental pears, P. communis (common or European pear) is the major cultivated species and is widely produced throughout Europe, North and South America, and Africa (Katayama and Uematsu 2006;Dondini and Sansavini 2012). Pear fruits available on the world market belong either to P. communis or P. pyrifolia or a hybrid group of these two species (Bell and Itai 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Variation in the fruit characteristics of local pear (Pyrus spp.) in the Northwest of Iran

Alizadeh

Fatholahi

Silva

2015

Genet Resour Crop Evol

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The Northwest of Iran has a high diversity of endemic Pyrus species. In this study, considerable variability in morphological and chemical characteristics was observed in the fruit of 19 local Pyranshahr pear accessions. Fruit samples of three accessions (14, 7 and 10) had higher contents of total soluble solids (TSS [ 23 %) and total sugar (SC *11.5 %) than other accessions with a mean SC of 9 %. There was significant positive correlation between SC and TSS (r = 0.40) as well as between SC and pH (r = 0.46). Cluster analysis of the studied parameters, which were used to ascertain the level of diversity, differentiated accessions into seven clusters with significant variability among them. This research shows that pear genetic resources in the Northwest of Iran show rich genetic diversity and could be useful germplasm for commercial exploitation, for use in breeding programs to improve existing cultivars, or for developing new cultivars.

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“…In order to make fruit growing profitable and economical and to be further developed, quality saplings should be used in the orchard establishment. These saplings should be produced with a new and high market value cultivars that are accurate, quality, healthy, free from diseases and pests and they should be delivered to the growers in a sufficient number and in a short time (Jackson, 2003;Hancock and Lobous, 2008;Dondini and Sansavini, 2012). Instead of rootstocks with vigor growth and development in today's modern pear cultivation, dwarf or semi-dwarf quince and pear clone rootstocks are used (Hancock and Lobos, 2008;Dondini and Sansavini, 2012;Hepaksoy, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These saplings should be produced with a new and high market value cultivars that are accurate, quality, healthy, free from diseases and pests and they should be delivered to the growers in a sufficient number and in a short time (Jackson, 2003;Hancock and Lobous, 2008;Dondini and Sansavini, 2012). Instead of rootstocks with vigor growth and development in today's modern pear cultivation, dwarf or semi-dwarf quince and pear clone rootstocks are used (Hancock and Lobos, 2008;Dondini and Sansavini, 2012;Hepaksoy, 2019). Pear clonal rootstocks show stronger development compared to quince clone rootstocks, so planting distances are wider (Ozcagiran et al, 2005;Sharma et al, 2009;da Silva et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pear clonal rootstocks show stronger development compared to quince clone rootstocks, so planting distances are wider (Ozcagiran et al, 2005;Sharma et al, 2009;da Silva et al, 2018). Although pears are grown on quince rootstocks with control the growth forces of trees (dwarfing), yield precocity, increase in fruit yield and quality, due to their negative aspects such as sensitivity to winter cold, chlorosis and fire blight in calcareous soils, weak anchorage to soil and poor graft compatibility (Pina and Errea, 2009) instead of Pyrodwarf, OHxF, Farold, Fox, BP and CTS series developed in different rootstock breeding programs and pear clone rootstocks from some different pear species have been used in recent years (Jackson, 2003;Hancock and Lobous, 2008;Dondini and Sansavini, 2012;da Silva et al, 2018). Rootstocks affects the growth and development of cultivars grafted on, cultivars affect vice versa rootstocks (Webster, 1995;Jackson, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of rootstock and cultivars on some branch and leaf characteristics in pear

Coban¹

2020

Turk J Food Agric Sci

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This study was carried out to determine the effects of different pear and quince rootstocks on some branch and leaf properties of 'Deveci' and 'Williams' pear cultivars at Samsun ecological conditions in 2015-2016 years. The number of lateral branches (number plant-1), lateral branch length (cm) and diameter (mm) and branch angle (o) and petiole length (cm) and thickness (mm), leaf width and length (cm) and leaf area (cm 2 leaf-1) were examined in the study. Rootstock and cultivar and rootstock x cultivar interaction had significant effects on all examined branch and leaf traits. The 'Deveci' cultivar had generally got better lateral branch characteristics and higher leaf size than the 'Williams'. The highest lateral branch number was observed in the OHxF333 rootstock, while the highest lateral branch diameter was found in the seedlings rootstock. The BA29 rootstock had wider angled branches than the other rootstocks. Leaf area was the highest in OHxF333 rootstock and the lowest in BA29 rootstock. The highest number of lateral branch was determined in the 'Deveci'/Fox11 and the lowest was in the 'Williams'/Fox11 scion/rootstock combinations. The longest lateral branches were detected in the 'Deveci'/BA29 and the 'Deveci'/seedling. The highest leaf area was found in the 'Deveci'/BA29 and 'Williams'/seedling and the lowest was in the 'Williams'/BA29 scion/rootstock combination. As a result, in this study was determined that the cultivars grafted on different rootstocks affect their growth and development by affecting their vegetative growth and morphological traits.

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European Pear

Cited by 29 publications

References 101 publications

Diversification and independent domestication of Asian and European pears

Diversification and independent domestication of Asian and European pears

Variation in the fruit characteristics of local pear (Pyrus spp.) in the Northwest of Iran

Effect of rootstock and cultivars on some branch and leaf characteristics in pear

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