Etno-Agronomi Budidaya Kopi yang Toleran Variabilitas Curah Hujan

Abstract

West Lampung Regency still survives as the central area of coffee production in Lampung Province while production of other districts so far are declining. This research aims to study the ethno-agronomy of coffee cultivation in West Lampung which is tolerant to rainfall variability. This research was a survey located in Sumberjaya District and Sekincau District, West Lampung Regency, Lampung Province, Indonesia year 20182019 which from each subdistrict two villages was selected purposively and from each village one farmer group was chosen. Primary data were collected through interview, Focused Group Discussion (FGD), and observation of coffee farm. Secondary data were obtained from the BPS Lampung and rainfall data from Radin Intan Climate Station. The results showed that the area of coffee plantations in West Lampung in the last decade has decreased by 0,64% per year but productivity has increased by 1,42% per year, and in West Lampung, which is a mountainous region, the number of rainy days was negatively correlated with coffee yield while the number of dry months was positively correlated. Whereas in North Lampung, which is a medium elevation area, coffee productivity correlated with sufficient rainfall and productivity was negatively correlated with the number of dry months of the previous year. Coffee farmers in West Lampung have perception the need for various adaptation measures of coffee farm maintenance, which grafting adult coffee tree with superior local robusta clones is a typical ethno-agronomy practiced by coffee farmers in West Lampung to obtain high coffee yield.

Local Wisdom Existence of Swidden Agriculture on Wawonii Island

“…Based on the outcomes of data analysis in the field, it is evident that from 2013 to 2018, there was a drop in the time needed for the land to rest before being planted, or, to put it another way, from 2013 to 2018 there was a gradually shortened fallow period. The system that rotates land use cycling) generally, with increasing (following) so that the vegetation naturally covers land and natural success of bush into the secondary forest and ready reopened or semi-annual (semifallowing) by cultivating crops complex plantations such as rubber in Jambi without intensive care, it becomes a rubber forest (Evizal, 2015). Farming system community turnaround the Meratus Loksado Dayak tribe is known with 6 M: Slashing, Cutting, Burning, Burning, Grazing and Reaping.…”

Sikap Petani Kopi Robusta Terhadap Perubahan Iklim Di Kecamatan Air Hitam Kabupaten Lampung Barat

“…Penurunan produksi disebabkan adanya penurunan luas lahan produksi ke komoditas lain serta banyaknya lahan yang mengalami peremajaan sehingga jumlah luas lahan dan produksi kopi menurun secara signifikan. Selain faktor luas lahan, penurunan produksi kopi didorong ketidakpastian hujan baik dari waktu serta intensitasnya (Syakir dan Surmaini, 2017;Evizal et al, 2020). Perubahan musim penghujan yang lebih panjang atau pendek serta intensitas hujan yang terlalu tinggi dapat menyebabkan penurunan produksi kopi karena terganggunya sistem pembungaan kopi (Septiani, 2021).…”

Peningkatan Produktivitas Kopi Sistem Sambung Interspesifik Robusta/Liberika

“…Lampung merupakan pusat keragaman kopi Robusta karena banyak ditemukan ragam klon kopi lokal seperti dilaporkan oleh Evizal et al (2015) dan Ramadiana et al (2018), di antaranya ada yang memiliki keunggulan dalam beradaptasi pada variabilitas cuaca. Petani kopi Lampung juga mempraktekkan budidaya kopi berdasarkan kearifan lokal (Evizal, 2013) antara lain membudidayakan kopi sistem sambung intraspesifik (Robusta/Robusta, Arabika/Arabika) dan interspesifik (Robusta/Liberika, Arabika/Robusta) (Evizal et al, 2018), dan membudidayakan dengan berbagai pohon naungan terutama jenis pohon legum yang dapat memberikan layanan lingkungan serta meningkatkan produktivitas egroekosistem dan keberlanjutan usahatani kopi.…”