Etiology of Penile Cancer

Ottenhof, Sarah R.; Bleeker, Maaike; Heideman, Daniëlle A.M.; Snijders, Peter J.F.; Meijer, Chris J.L.M.

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-33220-8_2

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Other types not associated with HPV are sarcomatoid and mixed [3, 4]. The risk factors involved in these subtypes are chronic inflammation, phimosis, lichen sclerosus and lichen planus [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human papillomavirus genotypes and P16INK4A expression in squamous penile carcinoma in Mexican patients

et al. 2019

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Background: Approximately 50% of cases of penile carcinoma (PeCa), a rare neoplasm worldwide, are associated with human papillomavirus (HPV). However, the detection of HPV-DNA is not sufficient to consider it the etiological factor in the development of this type of cancer. Currently, the overexpression of P16INK4A is used as a surrogate biomarker of HPV carcinogenesis. Information on PeCa in Mexico is scarce, particularly regarding cases related to HPV and genotype frequency. Objective: To evaluate the presence of HPV, its genotypes, and the presence of multiple genotypes, and the expression of P16INK4A, as well as its clinical and histopathological parameters. Methods: For HPV-DNA detection and P16INK4A expression, we used the INNO-LiPA® test and immunohistochemistry, respectively. Results: Sixty cases of PeCa were evaluated, of which 75% were HPV-non-related histological variants. We found that 58.9% (33/56) of PeCa cases were HPV-DNA positive, while 30.9% of the cases evaluated (17/55) were positive for P16INK4A. HPV16 was the main genotype in 42.9% of the cases, followed by HPV52 in 7.1% and HPV18 in 5.4%. Within the HPV-positive cases, 27.3% had multiple genotypes. All HPV-positive patients under the age of 45 years were positive only for HPV16. Conclusions: HPV16 was the most commonly detected genotype in PeCa. HPV 31, 35 and 39 were infrequent; however, they were related to a single infection and P16INK4A overexpression; thus, they seem to be relevant in PeCa carcinogenesis. Our results suggest that P16INK4A overexpression could be useful for the classification of HPV-related PeCa. The role of multiple HPV genotypes in the development and prognosis of PeCa is still not completely understood. Thus, it is necessary to define criteria to establish reliable ways to classify HPV-related PeCa that could lead to optimal therapeutic approaches.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human papillomavirus genotypes and P16INK4A expression in squamous penile carcinoma in Mexican patients

et al. 2019

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“…Worldwide, the incidence of penile cancer differs between regions, for example, it is markedly higher is some areas of South America, Asia and Africa; in India, the disease accounts for up to 11.6% of malignant diseases in men (Takiar et al, 2014) and, in PROFESSIONAL Paraguay and Uganda, the incidence is 4.2 and 4.4 per 100 000, respectively (Ottenhof et al, 2016a). This significant variation in incidence across the different countries can in most part be attributed to religious practices, such as neonatal circumcision and socioeconomic conditions (Barnholtz-Sloan et al, 2007).…”

Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On clinical examination, LS is characterised by white patchy areas. It is a progressive disease and, if left untreated, it can cause phimosis and meatal stenosis ( Figure 3a) (Ottenhof et al, 2016a). In men, LS mainly affects the foreskin and to a lesser extent the glans penis and the urethra (Ottenhof et al, 2016a).…”

Section: Non-hpv Associated Penile Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

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An overview of the diagnoses and treatments for penile cancer

Akers

Holden

2020

Br J Nurs

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Penile cancer is a rare malignancy and, as a consequence, it is managed in just a few specialist centres across the UK. This article aims to provide health professionals with an introduction and update on the epidemiology and aetiology of penile cancer, as well as the techniques used to diagnose penile cancer and the current treatment options. The article highlgihts the importance of early diagnosis and the role that the clinical nurse specialist in plays supporting those diagnosed with the penile cancer and their families.

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Das Peniskarzinom

Dräger,

W. Hakenberg

2024

Uro-News

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Etiology of Penile Cancer

Cited by 3 publications

References 39 publications

Human papillomavirus genotypes and P16INK4A expression in squamous penile carcinoma in Mexican patients

Human papillomavirus genotypes and P16INK4A expression in squamous penile carcinoma in Mexican patients

An overview of the diagnoses and treatments for penile cancer

Das Peniskarzinom

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