Ética e prática profissional em saúde

Abstract

Há várias teorias éticas e modelos de análise teórica que podem orientar a nossa forma de ser e agir profissionalmente. Mesmo levando em consideração que referências filosóficas e teóricas nos ajudam a pensar criticamente, é sempre bom ter em mente que a aplicação rotineira de métodos nunca é um substituto satisfatório para a inteligência crítica. Porém, não é nada simples responder as questões: como devem ser os enfermeiros e enfermeiras na sua prática profissional? Como devem agir os enfermeiros e enfermeiras em relação aos outros e a si mesmo? Neste sentido, o propósito deste texto é contribuir com fundamentos éticos que possibilitem a reflexão sobre a forma como temos agido e como temos sido enquanto profissionais de saúde. O objetivo é problematizar a relação cliente - profissional de saúde, uma vez que é nessa prática cotidiana que se integram os elementos próprios da conduta moral profissional.

Interface entre a ética e um conceito de tecnologia em enfermagem

“…A ética é compreendida como um ramo da filosofia prática que reflete sobre o agir humano e suas finalidades; os conflitos entre o que se considera como moralmente justificável e o que não considera (2) . Assim, busca fundamentar racionalmente as normas e critérios que orientam as pessoas e os grupos em suas ações; propõe a avaliação crítica sobre o comportamento humano, interpreta, discute, problematiza e investiga valores e princípios.…”

Hand hygiene as a caring practice: a reflection on professional responsibility

“…Conceptually, the field of ethics studies the relationship between the individual and the context in which he is situated (7) . In the healthcare field, the ethical principles of autonomy, nonmaleficence, beneficence and justice must guide all actions, as they qualify the individual's caring action (8) . Considering that the referential applied to the action determines the value imposed on the action, it is believed that it is important to stimulate reflection about what can be considered morally justifiable in the behavior of HH presented by professionals who have the care for life as a primary objective (6)(7)(8) .…”

“…In the healthcare field, the ethical principles of autonomy, nonmaleficence, beneficence and justice must guide all actions, as they qualify the individual's caring action (8) . Considering that the referential applied to the action determines the value imposed on the action, it is believed that it is important to stimulate reflection about what can be considered morally justifiable in the behavior of HH presented by professionals who have the care for life as a primary objective (6)(7)(8) . Among several concepts, morality is understood as, a system of norms, principles and values, according to which mutual relationships between individuals, or between them and the community, are regulated in a non-coercive way, provided with a historical and social character, and freely accepted and by intimate conviction (7) .…”

“…Among several concepts, morality is understood as, a system of norms, principles and values, according to which mutual relationships between individuals, or between them and the community, are regulated in a non-coercive way, provided with a historical and social character, and freely accepted and by intimate conviction (7) . Morality can be understood as the consultation of reason, thus acting morally is based on the best justification for doing so, considering the interests of each individual to be affected by taking certain action (8) . Evidence demonstrates, for more than 150 years, that the hands of health professionals are the main vector of transmission of pathogenic microorganisms, and that sanitizing them Hand hygiene as a caring practice: a reflection on professional responsibility Belela-Anacleto ASC, Peterlini MAS, Pedreira MLG.…”

“…The principles of moral and professional responsibility of individuals are challenged by not adhering to the recommended procedures, in circumstances in which the basic requirements to promote the execution of the HH procedure are available (5) . "Responsibility, as a moral requirement, implies assuming, recognizing and responding to the consequences of one's own acts", establishing a balanced relationship between rights and duties (8) .…”