Ethylene Production by Tomato and Apple Fruits

Meigh, D. F.; Norris, Karl H.; Craft, C. C.; Lieberman, Morris

doi:10.1038/186902a0

Cited by 75 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…The plunger on the second syringe was withdrawn while simultaneously the plunger on the first was pushed in until its face contacted the buds. Ethylene in the sample was then determined by gas chromatography using an alumina column and a flame ionization detector (7).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibitory Effect of a Rhizobitoxine Analog on Bud Growth after Release from Dormancy

Zimmerman¹,

Lieberman²,

Broome³

1977

Plant Physiol.

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Application of the ethoxy analog of rhizobitoxine (L-2-amino-4-[2'-aminoethoxyl-trans-3-butenoic acid), an inhibitor of ethylene biosynthesis, inhibited growth of apple, crabapple, and apricot buds released from dormancy by chilling or by treatment with benzyladenine. When tea crabapple (Malus hupehensis [Pamp.] Rehd.) buds were sprayed once with 8.8 x 10-3 M benzyladenine, ethylene production by the buds increased significantly 24 to 48 hours after benzyladenine treatment.Application of the rhizobitoxine analog to the buds at the time of benzyladenine treatment reduced ethylene evolution to the level of the controls for up to 2 weeks after treatment. Increase in bud weight was inhibited also but to a lesser extent. These data suggest that growth of buds is accompanied by ethylene production and that the inhibition of ethylene biosynthesis also inhibits bud growth. Since additional metabolic effects result from the action of the rhizobitoxine analog, no firm conclusions on its role can be drawn at this time.Hormonal control of bud growth appears to involve the integrated interactions of various plant hormones. Benzyladenine has been shown to stimulate or accelerate release of buds from dormancy (2). The mode of action is assumed to relate to the function of cytokinins in stimulating cell division. Cytokinins are also known to stimulate C2H4 production in some plants (3,4).With this in mind, we attempted to determine the involvement of C2H4 in bud development by the use of the ethoxy analog of rhizobitoxine (L-2-amino-4-12'-aminoethoxy]-trans-3-butenoic acid), an inhibitor of C2H4 biosynthesis which is known to inhibit conversion of methionine to C2H4 (6,8).Preliminary trials with buds of apricots and 'Jonathan' apples showed that the rhizobitoxine analog inhibited growth of buds released from dormancy by chilling or by BA treatment. Experiments described herein were then conducted using buds of tea crabapple which had been activated by BA (1) to determine: (a) the amount of the rhizobitoxine analog needed to inhibit bud growth; (b) the effectiveness of this inhibitor at various times after bud activation; and (c) the effect of the rhizobitoxine analog on C2H4 production by activated buds. MATERIALS AND METHODSTwelve to 18-month-old seedling trees of tea crabapple (Malus hupehensis [Pamp.] Rehd.) grown in the greenhouse as described previously (1) were used in the experiments. In one experiment, trees were defoliated, moved into a root cellar in January, and chilled for 3 months. In all other experiments, seedlings were not moved from the greenhouse but were defoliated prior to treatment.Spray application of BA and methionine was done as described previously (1) and the rhizobitoxine analog was dissolved in water and 1 to 2 ,ul applied directly to the buds with a microsyringe.For measurement of C2H4 production, three buds were excised and placed directly into a 5-ml plastic syringe, the plunger was reinserted, and adjusted to the 3-ml mark. A serum tube stopper was then placed over the tip of the syri...

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibitory Effect of a Rhizobitoxine Analog on Bud Growth after Release from Dormancy

Zimmerman¹,

Lieberman²,

Broome³

1977

Plant Physiol.

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“…Burg and Thimann (3,4) were the first to apply the method to studies of fruit ripening; ethylene was determined with an especially sensitive thermal conductivity detector (2). In recent work, Meigh et al (11,12), using the more sensitive flameionization detector, measured ethylene concentrations as low as a few parts per billion.…”

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confidence: 99%

Ethylene Production, Respiration, & Internal Gas Concentrations in Cantaloupe Fruits at Various Stages of Maturity

1962

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“…Gas samples were analyzed essentially according to Meigh et al (6) with the use of an alumina column (50 c) on a Varian gas chromatograph equipped with a flame ionization detector. Unless otherwise stated, 1 cc gas samples were used for gas analysis.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibition of Ethylene Evolution in Papaya Pulp Tissue by Benzyl Isothiocyanate

Patil

Tang²

1974

Plant Physiol.

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Papaya (Carica papaya L.) pulp tissue disks in an incubation medium composed of 0.4 M sucrose evolve ethylene at an optim-um pH of 5.25 at 30 C. Disks of young preclimacteric fruit evolve the gas linearly with fruit age until fruit age reaches 4 months. Disks from 5-month-old postclimacteric fruit produce approximately 5-fold more ethylene than disks from 4-monthold fruit. Ethylene evolution by unaged papaya disks is inhibited potently by benzyl isothiocyanate. The compound inhibits production of ethylene by approximately 60% at a concentration of 0.046 mM. However, in aged papaya disks benzyl isothiocyanate causes no inhibition of ethylene production indicating that the compound inhibits the induction of the ethylene-producing system rather than the evolution of the gas per se. Even at a 2-fold higher concentration benzyl isothiocyanate has no effect on respiration of unaged papaya disks. It is proposed that benzyl isothiocyanate may act as an endogenous regulator of ethylene evolution in papaya fruit.

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Ethylene Production by Tomato and Apple Fruits

Cited by 75 publications

References 3 publications

Inhibitory Effect of a Rhizobitoxine Analog on Bud Growth after Release from Dormancy

Inhibitory Effect of a Rhizobitoxine Analog on Bud Growth after Release from Dormancy

Ethylene Production, Respiration, & Internal Gas Concentrations in Cantaloupe Fruits at Various Stages of Maturity

Inhibition of Ethylene Evolution in Papaya Pulp Tissue by Benzyl Isothiocyanate

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