Ethosomes in transdermal drug delivery

Kumaran, K. Senthil; Padmapreetha, J.; Selvaraju, K.; Scaria, Jibin

doi:10.15740/has/apps/6.1and2/14-20

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…There can be more than one solute, and the solvent can consist of more than one substance. [2] The solutions must be looked in a more quantitative manner so as to understand the theory and applications of the phenomena of solubility.…”

Section: Solubilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Untitled

Rao¹

2018

AJP

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Aim: Nimesulide is poorly water soluble (0.1 mg/ml). The low aqueous solubility gives difficulties in bioavailability. To improve the aqueous solubility and to enhance bioavailability the hydrotropic technique were used. Materials and Methods: In this research, hydrotropes such as ascorbic acid, sodium p-hydroxy benzoate, and sodium gentisate, and sodium ascorbate were used. Solid complexes of nimesulide and hydrotropes were prepared using coprecipitation method. The precipitates were amorphous in nature. In general, solid complexes can be characterized by techniques such as melting point, infrared-spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, Fourier transformed infrared spectral studies were carried out for nimesulide and hydrotropes for their pure form and their complexes. Results and Discussion: A hydrotrope solubilizes hydrophobic part of nimesulide in aqueous solutions. In general, hydrotropes consists of both hydrophilic part and a hydrophobic part in which the hydrophobic part is very small to form immediate self-aggregation. Hydrotropy is one of the solubility enhancement techniques which improve solubility to many folds with use of hydrotropes. It is one of the recognized techniques available for resolving the solubility issue in nimesulide. Conclusion: The present work investigates the solubility enhancement and hence the bioavailability of the drug. The solubility of the drug can be increased by a variety of contemporary methods such as hydrotropic solubilization and solid dispersions. Hydrotrophy refers to a solubilization process, whereby the addition of large amounts of a second solute results in an increase in the aqueous solubility of a poorly soluble compound.

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Section: Solubilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Untitled

Rao¹

2018

AJP

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“… The main advantage of ethosomes over liposomes is the increased permeation of the drug. 17,20 Ethosome are vesicular carrier composed of hydroalcohalic orhydrolglycolic phospholipids, in which the concentration of water and alcohol is high. The high concentration of ethanol makes the ethosome unique.…”

Section: Disadvantage Of Ethosome Drug Delivey-mentioning

confidence: 99%

ETHOSOME: A NEW TECHNOLOGY USED AS TOPICAL & TRANSDERMAL DELIVERY SYSTEM

Jaiswal¹,

Kesharwani²,

Kesharwani³

et al. 2016

J. Drug Delivery Ther.

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Transdermal drug delivery system was first introduced more than 20 years ago. Transdermal drug delivery system is a type of convenient drug delivery system where drug goes to the systemic circulation through the protective barrier i.e. Skin is the main target of topical and transdermal preparations. Major aim of transdermal drug delivery system is to cross the stratum corneum. Various methods have been tried to increase the permeation rate of drugs temporarily. Vesicular system is one of the most controversial methods for transdermal delivery of active substances in that ethosome are the ethanolic phospholipids vesicles which are used mainly for transdermal delivery of drugs. Ethosomes are soft, malleable vesicles tailored for enhanced delivery of active agents. Ethosomes have higher penetration rate through the skin. The increased permeation of ethosomes is probably due to its ethanolic content. Ethanol increases the cell membrane lipid fluidity which results in increased skin penetrability of the ethosomes. These ethosomes permeates inside the skin and fuse with cell membrane lipids and release the drug. Hot and cold methods are used for formulation of ethosomes. Evaluation parameters include size, shape, drug content, zeta potential etc. Ethosomes have been successfully evaluated for the delivery of many drugs for e.g. Cyclosporine A, insulin, salbutamol, trihexyphenidil, etc. Ethosomes provides a number of important benefits including improving the drug's efficacy, enhancing patient compliance and comfort and reducing the total cost of treatment. Ethosomes can be important drug delivery tool in the future.

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“…[33] • Enhanced permeation of drug through the skin for transdermal drug delivery. [34] • Delivery of hydrophilic [35] and lipophilic [36] drugs is possible.…”

Section: Advantagesmentioning

confidence: 99%