Ethical dilemma scenarios and emerging technologies

Wright, David; Finn, Rachel; Gellert, Raphaël; Gutwirth, Serge; Schütz, Philip; Friedewald, Michaël; Venier, Silvia; Mordini, Emilio

doi:10.1016/j.techfore.2013.12.008

Cited by 42 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…An alternative option to avoid partial resistance when investigating ethical dilemmas on ML is the construction of “less participative scenarios,” in which there is no full researchers’ immersion into the organization. Scholars can trace stakeholders’ participation through remote technologies and small self-administered surveys to get insightful information (Wright et al 2014).…”

Section: How Futures Studies Could Address Ethical Dilemmas Derived Fmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This situation complicates the way in which ethical concerns on ML and foresight studies can address central issues, such as responsibilities. Thus, corporate foresight could eventually help study technical and ethical dilemmas around ML, taking insights from different approaches regarding implications, outcomes, and traceability for an extended group of stakeholders, developers, advisers, and organizations’ leaders (Crews 2019; Wright et al 2014).…”

Section: How Futures Studies Could Address Ethical Dilemmas Derived Fmentioning

confidence: 99%

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How Futures Studies and Foresight Could Address Ethical Dilemmas of Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence

Domínguez

2019

World Futures Review

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Drawing from ethical concerns raised by communities of machine learning developers and considering predictive analytics’ very short-term predictions, several futures studies techniques are examined to offer some insights about possible bridges between machine learning and foresight. This review develops three main sections: (1) a brief explanation of central concepts, such as big data, machine learning, and artificial intelligence, hopefully not too simplistic but readable for larger audiences; (2) a discussion about ethical issues, such as bias, discrimination, and dilemmas in research; and (3) a brief description of how futures studies could address ethical dilemmas derived from different time horizons among machine learning immediate results, forecasting short-term predictions, and foresight long-term scenarios.

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Section: How Futures Studies Could Address Ethical Dilemmas Derived Fmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: How Futures Studies Could Address Ethical Dilemmas Derived Fmentioning

confidence: 99%

How Futures Studies and Foresight Could Address Ethical Dilemmas of Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence

Domínguez

2019

World Futures Review

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“…Other scholars have heightened concerns due to the fact that drones could be cheaper to obtain than before and could be so tiny yet still with high-definition cameras (a.k.a., "dragonfly drones"). Therefore, drones could potentially get even more detailed pictures of the people being monitored and it would be even harder for people to notice the drones and be aware of them being watched [65]. These legal analyses are informative but lack empirical data about privacy perceptions from ordinary citizens, particularly in the US context.…”

Section: Challenging Issues Of Dronesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flying Eyes and Hidden Controllers: A Qualitative Study of People’s Privacy Perceptions of Civilian Drones in The US

Wang

Xia

Yao

et al. 2016

Proceedings on Privacy Enhancing Technologies

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Drones are unmanned aircraft controlled remotely or operated autonomously. While the extant literature suggests that drones can in principle invade people’s privacy, little is known about how people actually think about drones. Drawing from a series of in-depth interviews conducted in the United States, we provide a novel and rich account of people’s privacy perceptions of drones for civilian uses both in general and under specific usage scenarios. Our informants raised both physical and information privacy issues against government, organization and individual use of drones. Informants’ reasoning about the acceptance of drone use was in part based on whether the drone is operating in a public or private space. However, our informants differed significantly in their definitions of public and private spaces. While our informants’ privacy concerns such as surveillance, data collection and sharing have been raised for other tracking technologies such as camera phones and closed-circuit television (CCTV), our interviews highlight two heightened issues of drones: (1) powerful yet inconspicuous data collection, (2) hidden and inaccessible drone controllers. These two aspects of drones render some of people’s existing privacy practices futile (e.g., notice recording and ask controllers to stop or delete the recording). Some informants demanded notifications of drones near them and expected drone controllers asking for their explicit permissions before recording. We discuss implications for future privacy-enhancing drone designs.

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“…Disamping itu, pemilik drone tidak bertanggung jawab kepada otoritas tentang menggunakannya. Sementara pembuat kebijakan ingin membuat pengaturan, namun menghadapi banyak tekanan dari produsen dan vendor agar menghentikan pengaturan dengan alasan pasar bebas (Wright et al, 2014).…”

Section: Latar Belakangunclassified

“…Kegiatan yang kontra pengawasan ini dapat mengganggu keamanan. Untuk itu, perlu suatu penilaian terhadap dampak drone capung apabila dimiliki oleh masyarakat (Wright et al, 2014).…”

Section: Hasil Dan Pembahasanunclassified

Kebijakan Penggunaan dan Pengoperasian Sistem Pesawat Udara Tanpa Awak

Sianipar

2015

Kajian Kebijakan Dan Hukum Kedirgantaraan

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Sistem pesawat udara tanpa awak dapat digunakan untuk keperluan militer dan sipil, seperti untuk transportasi, intelijen, pengawasan, dan pengintaian, menyerang musuh, penelitian, tujuan komersial, hobi atau rekreasi, dan lain-lain. Teknologi UAS berkembang dengan cepat, sehingga berpengaruh terhadap harga penjualan yang semakin terjangkaudan pengguna sipil semakin meningkat. Pengguna UAS semakin meningkat, sehingga negara-negara membuat kebijakan tentang penggunaan UAS di wilayah udara. Oleh karena itu, pertanyaan penelitian dalam kajian ini ialah bagaimana kebijakan Indonesia dalam pengaturan penggunaan dan pengoperasian UAS di wilayah udara nasional. Dengan melakukan patok duga pada kebijakan yang dilakukan negara-negara sebagai bahan pembelajaran, maka diperoleh hasil antara lain: kebijakan pengoperasian UAS dapat diatur berdasarkan klasifikasinya; pendaftaran semua UAS yang beroperasi di wilayah udara Indonesia; setiap operator UAS perlu disertifikasi; UAS kecil yang beroperasi tanpa seizin ATC perlu diatur wilayah udara yang digunakan.

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Ethical dilemma scenarios and emerging technologies

Cited by 42 publications

References 11 publications

How Futures Studies and Foresight Could Address Ethical Dilemmas of Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence

How Futures Studies and Foresight Could Address Ethical Dilemmas of Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence

Flying Eyes and Hidden Controllers: A Qualitative Study of People’s Privacy Perceptions of Civilian Drones in The US

Kebijakan Penggunaan dan Pengoperasian Sistem Pesawat Udara Tanpa Awak

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