Estimation of surface deformation due to Pasni earthquake using RADAR interferometry

Ali, Muhammad Zeeshan; Shahzad, Muhammad Imran; Nazeer, Majid; Mahmood, Irfan; Zia, Ibrahim

doi:10.1080/10106049.2019.1661031

Cited by 18 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…The processing of Sentinel-1(open access) satellite data is done using the open-source software SARPROZ provided by ESA and processing tool by Periz using MATLAB programming. Moreover, the Geographic Information Systems (GIS) techniques employed to process digital elevation model (DEM) data to extract the valuable mapping representation of all the different parameters and collected data, enabling the spatial representation of the various geomorphic findings 5 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The study is associated with Mw 5.0 with a 10 km depth earthquake stoke on 16 March 2019. It identifies the future seismic tendency and highlights the surface displacement in the earthquake region 5 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Firstly, we analysed the Sentinel-1 based Single Interferogram processing. Secondly, we combined the yield of Hypsometry Integral values and deformation results and delineated the future probability of seismological vulnerable sites 2 , 5 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Combined analysis of PS-InSAR and hypsometry integral (HI) for comparing seismic vulnerability and assessment of various regions of Pakistan

Ramzan

Fan

Aeman

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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InSAR-based deformation analysis and the geomorphic hypsometric integral (HI) technique are powerful tools for assessing the susceptibility and comparison of seismic sites to earthquakes. Therefore, this paper mainly focuses on surface deformation analysis associated with the Mw 5.0 earthquake (2019) in Mach and Quetta, Balochistan, Pakistan. Sentinel-1 IW data was used to perform PS-InSAR time series analysis. SRTM DEM of 30 m spatial resolution was utilized for the geomorphic Hypsometry Integral (HI) method. The obtained results of the Interferogram indicate the changes in velocity and vertical displacement during pre-seismic, co-seismic, and post-seismic activity. Integral values were calculated using Hypsometry curves delineating the future probability and comparison of vulnerable seismological sites in Mach, Quetta, Ghazaband, Chamman and surroundings of Balochistan region. The combined results of HI and PS-InSAR revealed that Mach and Quetta regions are in between two lines known as the mature stages. Class 1_moderate (0.35 ≤ HI ≤ 0.52); with an integral value of HIMach = 0.398 and HIQuetta = 0.435 with a modest seismic forthcoming rate in future and susceptible to both erosion/uplifting with a vertical displacement rate more than existing ± 55 mm/year. Class 2_high (HI ˃ 0.53) with the younger and more tectonically active region surrounded by Chaman fault, which possesses a future susceptible tendency towards subsidence more than an existing velocity rate ~ 8 mm/year and Ghazaband fault towards uplifting more than 5–6 mm/year. No region of the study area was found at Monadnock: class 3_Low (HI ˂ 0.35) stabilized condition, all sites are unstable and tectonically active. Therefore, obtained results through combined PS-InSAR and HI techniques can be used for the identification of most vulnerable seismic sites and can ascertain future safe metropolitan planning.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Combined analysis of PS-InSAR and hypsometry integral (HI) for comparing seismic vulnerability and assessment of various regions of Pakistan

Ramzan

Fan

Aeman

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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“…Pakistan’s coastline is densely inhabited 57 , and land deformation has been recorded in recent years 58 , 59 . Karachi, Pakistan’s largest metropolitan region, suffers from unsustainable and unregulated urban growth.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sentinel-1A for monitoring land subsidence of coastal city of Pakistan using Persistent Scatterers In-SAR technique

Shoaib

Chen

Shah

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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Karachi is located in the southern part of Pakistan along the Arabian Sea coast. Relevant institutions are concerned about the possibility of ground subsidence in the city, contributing to the comparative sea-level rise. So yet, no direct measurement of the subsidence rate and its relation to city submergence danger has been made. SAR (Synthetic Aperture Radar) interferometry is a powerful method for obtaining millimeter-accurate surface displacement measurements. The Sentinel-1 satellite data provide extensive geographical coverage, regular acquisitions, and open access. This research used the persistent scatterer interferometry synthetic aperture radar (PS-InSAR) technology with Sentinel-1 SAR images to monitor ground subsidence in Karachi, Pakistan. The SARPROZ software was used to analyze a series of Sentinel-1A images taken from November 2019 to December 2020 along ascending and descending orbit paths to assess land subsidence in Karachi. The cumulative deformation in Line of Sight (LOS) ranged from − 68.91 to 76.06 mm/year, whereas the vertical deformation in LOS ranged from − 67.66 to 74.68 mm/year. The data reveal a considerable rise in subsidence from 2019 to 2020. The general pattern of subsidence indicated very high values in the city center, whereas locations outside the city center saw minimal subsidence. Overall, the proposed technique effectively maps, identifies, and monitors land areas susceptible to subsidence. This will allow for more efficient planning, construction of surface infrastructure, and control of subsidence-induced risks.

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“…Pakistan's coastal city) in the eastern MSZ (Fig. 1b; Ali et al 2021), marking the largest offshore event after the 1945 M w 8.1 earthquake. It was followed by an M b 5.2 aftershock a day after the main shock (Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanism of the 2017Mw 6.3 Pasni earthquake and its significance for future major earthquakes in the eastern Makran

Yang

Qiu

Feng

et al. 2022

Geophysical Journal International

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SUMMARY Makran subduction zone is very active with ∼38 mm yr−1 convergence rate and has experienced great earthquakes in the past. The latest great earthquake of 1945 Mw 8.1 event also triggered a large tsunami and led to ∼4000 casualties. However, due to incomplete historical seismicity records and poor modern instrumentation, earthquake mechanism, co-seismic slip and tsunami characteristics in Makran remain unclear. On 2017 February 17, an Mw 6.3 earthquake rattled offshore Pasni of Pakistan in the eastern Makran, marking the largest event after the 1945 Mw 8.1 earthquake with good geodetic and geophysical data coverage. We use a combination of seismicity, multibeam bathymetry, seismic profile, InSAR measurements and tide-gauge observation to investigate the seismogenic structure, co-seismic deformation, tsunami characteristics of this event and its implication for future major earthquakes. Our results indicate that (1) the earthquake occurred on the shallow-dipping (3°–4°) megathrust; (2) the megathrust co-seismically slipped 15 cm and caused ∼2–4 cm ground subsidence and uplift at Pasni; (3) our tsunami modelling reproduces the observed 5-cm-high small tsunami waveforms. The Pasni earthquake rupture largely overlaps the 1945 slip patch and disturbs the west and east megathrust segments that have not ruptured yet at least since 1765. With such stress perturbation and possible stress evolution effect from the 1945 earthquake, the unruptured patches may fail in the future. This study calls for more preparedness in mitigating earthquake and associated hazards in the eastern Makran.

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Estimation of surface deformation due to Pasni earthquake using RADAR interferometry

Cited by 18 publications

References 47 publications

Combined analysis of PS-InSAR and hypsometry integral (HI) for comparing seismic vulnerability and assessment of various regions of Pakistan

Combined analysis of PS-InSAR and hypsometry integral (HI) for comparing seismic vulnerability and assessment of various regions of Pakistan

Sentinel-1A for monitoring land subsidence of coastal city of Pakistan using Persistent Scatterers In-SAR technique

Mechanism of the 2017Mw 6.3 Pasni earthquake and its significance for future major earthquakes in the eastern Makran

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