Estimation of Serum Uric Acid Levels in Bangladeshi Gestational Diabetic Mothers Attending a Tertiary Care Hospital

Mishu, Farzana Akonjee; Muttalib, MA; Yesmin, Mst Shaila; Sultana, Gazi Sharmin; Ferdous, Nadia; Shamsunnahar,

doi:10.3329/birdem.v9i1.39725

Cited by 15 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) was not prospectively associated with first trimester maternal Se, Cu, Zn, and Fe levels [1,28]. In women with GDM (in retrospective studies), the relationships between higher levels of plasma Cu and GDM were found [17,18]. Retrospective studies indicate that there are discrepancies in the relationships between Fe, Se, and Zn, and GDM risk [38][39][40][41].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The studies conducted earlier were mainly animal studies or retrospective studies in humans. Abnormal levels of Se, Fe, Zn, and Cu were found in women with preeclampsia or gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) [16][17][18]. However, these effects may be due to disorders which have already developed, e.g., increased oxidative stress can increase the consumption of antioxidant elements.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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First Trimester Microelements and Their Relationships with Pregnancy Outcomes and Complications

Lewandowska

Więckowska

Sajdak³

et al. 2020

Nutrients

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Microelements involved in the oxidative balance have a significant impact on human health, but their role in pregnancy are poorly studied. We examined the relationships between first trimester levels of selenium (Se), iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), and copper (Cu), as well as maternal characteristics and pregnancy results. The data came from a Polish prospective cohort of women in a single pregnancy without chronic diseases. A group of 563 women who had a complete set of data, including serum microelements in the 10–14th week was examined, and the following were found: 47 deliveries <37th week; 48 cases of birth weight <10th and 64 newborns >90th percentile; 13 intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) cases; 105 gestational hypertension (GH) and 15 preeclampsia (PE) cases; and 110 gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) cases. The microelements were quantified using mass spectrometry. The average concentrations (and ranges) of the elements were as follows: Se: 60.75 µg/L (40.91–125.54); Zn: 618.50 µg/L (394.04–3238.90); Cu: 1735.91 µg/L (883.61–3956.76); and Fe: 1018.33 µg/L (217.55–2806.24). In the multivariate logistic regression, we found that an increase in Se of 1 µg/L reduces the risk of GH by 6% (AOR = 0.94; p = 0.004), the risk of IUGR by 11% (AOR = 0.89; p = 0.013), and the risk of birth <34th week by 7% (but close to the significance) (AOR = 0.93; p = 0.061). An increase in Fe of 100 µg/L reduces the risk of PE by 27% (AOR = 0.73; p = 0.009). In the multivariable linear regression, we found negative strong associations between prepregnancy BMI, Se (β = −0.130; p = 0.002), and Fe (β = −0.164; p < 0.0001), but positive associations with Cu (β = 0.320; p < 0.000001). The relationships between Se and maternal age (β = 0.167; p < 0.0001), Se and smoking (β = −0.106; p = 0.011) and Cu, and gestational age from the 10–14th week (β = 0.142; p < 0.001) were also found. Secondary education was associated with Zn (β = 0.132; p = 0.004) and higher education was associated with Cu (β = −0.102; p = 0.023). A higher financial status was associated with Fe (β = 0.195; p = 0.005). Other relationships were statistically insignificant. Further research is needed to clarify relationships between first trimester microelements and pregnancy complications. In addition, attention should be paid to lifestyle-related and socioeconomic factors that affect microelement levels.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First Trimester Microelements and Their Relationships with Pregnancy Outcomes and Complications

Lewandowska

Więckowska

Sajdak³

et al. 2020

Nutrients

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“…Also the release of Zn from tissues may be depressed in OCP users. 11,23 Adequate Zn level is believed to be important in immune function. Zn exerts a number of indirect antioxidant functions and its deficiency can decrease the response to insulin, possibly by increased oxidative stress, apoptosis and inflammation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…10 Another study had revealed that there is pronounced alteration of serum Zn level in GDM cases compared to normal pregnancy. 9,11 Women on different contraceptive methods have been linked with the development of various diseases and possible changes in serum trace elements and vitamins of women on contraceptives have been postulated. [12][13][14] Alterations in metabolic processes and trace element profiles are governed by genetic disposition as well as environmental factors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of serum zinc status in Bangladeshi women taking oral contraceptives

Samsunnahar¹,

Mishu

Mia³

et al. 2019

Birdem Med J

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Background: Birth control pills alter women's reproductive cycle and suppress various endocrine functions. Primary alterations of endocrine functions have secondary effects on other chemical and enzyme functions of the body. A general lowering of the body's nutrient base occurs in women on hormonal contraception.The biochemical profile of oral contraceptive pill user women showed different changes in plasma total protein, albumin and various trace minerals like serum zinc, copper, magnesium etc. Trace minerals are necessary for endocrine function. This study was designed to evaluate serum zinc levels of women taking oral contraceptives. Methods:This cross-sectional study was conducted A total of 150 subjects were included in this study; among them 50women were selected as control (Group I),who were neither taking oral contraceptives at the time of selection nor had taken it during prior one year period and 100 women were included as case (Group II), those were taking oral contraceptives. Again Group II was divided as Group IIA included 50 women who were taking oral contraceptives for 3 months duration or less and Group IIB included 50 women who were taking oral contraceptives for 4 months -5years duration. Student's unpaired't' test was used to analyze the data between groups. For analytical purpose 95% confidence limit (p<0.05) was taken as level of significance.Results: In this study, mean±SD of serum zinc was found as 84±13.33ìgm/dl, 57.88±3.68ìgm/dl and 58.40±4.59ìgm/dl in Group I, Group IIA and Group II B respectively. Serum zinc was significantly low in both Groups IIA and IIB in comparison to Group I (p<0.001). Conclusion:In this study serum zinc level was significantly lower in women taking OCP in comparison with control individuals who were not taking any hormonal contraceptive.

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“…But the study of the correlation between serum zinc and GDM pathogenesis remains a source of controversy. For instance, certain articles report that GDM cases have decreased serum zinc levels relative to the normal pregnant women (Mishu et al, 2019), but others suggest no difference in serum zinc concentrations between GDM women and healthy pregnant women (Behboudi-Gandevani et al, 2013;Luo et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is serum zinc status related to gestational diabetes mellitus? A meta‐analysis

Fan

Zhang

et al. 2021

Maternal & Child Nutrition

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Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a common medical disorder that begins during pregnancy. The present work aimed to investigate the relationship of maternal or foetal circulatory zinc levels with GDM. Related studies were retrieved against the PubMed/Medline, Web of Science, Scopus databases till July 2020. The overall effects were expressed as standard mean difference (SMD). Furthermore, the random effects model was used to assess the summarised risk ratios (SRRs) to determine the relationship between zinc and the risk of GDM. A total of 15 articles involving were retrieved for meta-analysis; in the meantime, 4955 subjects including 1549 GDM cases were enrolled for quantitative analysis. Compared with normal control, GDM cases had decreased circulating zinc level on the whole, but the difference was not statistically significant (SMD = À0.40, 95%CI: À0.80 to À0.00, P = 0.05). Interestingly, upon subgroup analysis stratified by serum zinc content but not plasma zinc concentration, there was significant difference in zinc content between GDM cases and normal controls (SMD = À0.56; 95%CI: À1.07 to À0.04, P = 0.03). Meanwhile, subgroup analysis also revealed similar tendency among the Asians and during the 2nd trimester, but not among the Caucasians or during the 1st or 3rd trimester. Data extracted from four studies that compared pregnant women with GDM in the high level of zinc and GDM in the low level of zinc yielded an SRR of 0.929 (95%CI: 0.905-0.954). According to existing evidence, the serum zinc content decreases among GDM cases compared with subjects with no abnormality in glucose tolerance, in particular among the Asians and during the second trimester. Nonetheless, more well designed prospective study should be carried out for understanding the dynamic relationship of zinc level with the incidence of GDM.

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Estimation of Serum Uric Acid Levels in Bangladeshi Gestational Diabetic Mothers Attending a Tertiary Care Hospital

Cited by 15 publications

References 15 publications

First Trimester Microelements and Their Relationships with Pregnancy Outcomes and Complications

First Trimester Microelements and Their Relationships with Pregnancy Outcomes and Complications

Study of serum zinc status in Bangladeshi women taking oral contraceptives

Is serum zinc status related to gestational diabetes mellitus? A meta‐analysis

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