Background: The hyperuricaemia in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) has been explained to be a component of the metabolic syndrome which reflects insulin resistance. Gestational huperuricaemia was found to be significantly associated with a high rate of maternal and foetal complications along with proteinuria and hypertension. Aims of this study were to evaluate the serum uric acid levels in Bangladeshi women with GDM in their second and third trimesters of pregnancy. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at Mymensingh Medical College Hospital from July 2013 to June 2014. Pregnant women, in their second and third trimester, attending the outpatient department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and the Department of Endocrinology were enrolled by purposive sampling technique. GDM was diagnosed on the basis of oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) as defined in WHO criteria 2013. Results: Out of 172 participants, 86 had GDM (case) and 86 were normoglycemic (control). The mean age of GDM and control groups was 28.6±3.2 years and 27.3±3.1 years respectively. The BMI was 26.4±1.5 kg / m 2 and 26.3±1.3 kg / m 2. In this study we found serum uric acid levels in GDM and without GDM were 4.47±0.42 mg/dl and 4.48±0.41 mg/dl respectively (p>0.05). Serum uric acid level in GDM group was significantly (p<0.001) higher in third trimesters (4.48 ±0.41 mg/dl) compared to those without GDM (3.52 ±0.74 mg/dl). Conclusion: There was distinct alteration of serum uric acid level in GDM compared to normal pregnancy. Estimation of serum uric acid levels might be incorporated in every GDM cases for prevention of complications. Birdem Med J 2019; 9(1): 55-58
Background: Detection of iron deficiency early during pregnancy is essential for correct management. Red cell distribution width (RDW) is a new routine parameter in fully automated hematology analyzer that can give the idea of early iron deficiency before Hb%. This study was aimed to see the role of red cell distribution width and Hb% in determining early iron deficiency in pregnant women.Methods: In this study 190 pregnant women were included. CBC including Hb% and RDW and iron profile were done. RDW were compared with Hb% in various stages of iron deficiency.Results: RDW was more significant than Hb level in latent iron deficiency when Hb level was normal (p<0.05). In mild and moderate iron deficiency anemia, RDW was increased progressively though Hb level was reduced. In this study RDW had sensitivity 82.3% and specificity 97.4%. Whereas Hb level had sensitivity 56.6% and specificity 90.9% for iron deficiency.Conclusion: Latent iron deficiency without other complicating disease could be screened out early by increased RDW when Hb% was normal.Anwer Khan Modern Medical College Journal Vol. 9, No. 2: Jul 2018, P 137-141
Background: Diabetes is the leading cause of chronic kidney disease which ultimately results end-stage renal disease (ESRD).Objectives: The purpose of the study was to explore the factors influencing or related to the development of the diabetic nephropathy with specific concern to the HbA1c (glycosylated hemoglobin) levels.Methods: Four hundred type 2 diabetic patients (male 166 and female 234) were studied and were evaluated for the presence of nephropathy through the review of their registered diabetic guide book. Glycaemic status was assessed by HbA1c (HbA1c was categorized into 3 groups) and plasma glucose levels. We used Student's ttest,?2-test and logistic regression analysis to determine and quantify the association of diabetic nephropathy with various risk factors specially HbA1c.Results: The prevalence of nephropathy was 24.0%; male 27.1%, female 21.8%. Increasing HbA1c categories above 7.0% were significantly associated with increased prevalence of nephropathy (15.8 vs 22.8 vs 30.7%; ?2 = 8.590, p = .013). Logistic regression models of univariate analysis showed that the risk of nephropathy was strongly increased at the HbA1c categories 8% (OR = 2.35; 95% CI: 1.30-4.25). Advanced age (OR = 3.8; 95% CI: 2.21-6.53), longer duration of diabetes (OR = 4.05; 95% CI: 2.31-7.10), lacking of physical exercise (OR = 1.93; 95% CI: 1.20-3.10), presence of hypertension (OR = 4.62; 95% CI: 2.42-8.83), fasting blood glucose (OR = 1.139; 95% CI: 1.054-1.231), blood glucose 2 hours after breakfast (OR = 1.088; 95% CI: 1.028-1.152), systolic blood pressure (OR = 1.049; 95% CI: 1.030-1.069) and diastolic blood pressure (OR = 1.061; 95% CI: 1.026-1.097) had significant association with nephropathy.Conclusion: HbA1c categories >7.0% is an important risk factor for the development of nephropathy.KYAMC Journal Vol. 8, No.-1, Jul 2017, Page 21-26
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and thyroid disorders (TD) are the two most common endocrine disorders in clinical practice. They show mutually influence on each other. Unrecognized thyroid disorders may adversely affect the metabolic control and add more risk to an already predisposing type 2 diabetes mellitus. The objective of this study was to find out the association of thyroid hormone levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. This cross sectional study was conducted in the department of Biochemistry and outpatient department of Endocrinology of Bangladesh Institute of Research and Rehabilitation in Diabetes, Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders, Dhaka, Bangladesh (BIRDEM) General Hospital, Bangladesh from July 2014 to June 2015. A Total of 200 patients were selected by applying inclusion and exclusion criteria. Of them, 115 were type 2 diabetic subjects and 85 were non diabetic. Diabetic patients were diagnosed according to WHO criteria from their previous medical records. All patients were underwent thyroid function tests; free thyroxine (FT4), free tri-iodothyronine (FT3) and serum TSH (thyroid stimulating hormone). Presence of TD in T2DM and non-DM patients were estimated. Comparison of all demographic characteristics and biochemical parameters were done among the groups. The percentage of TD in type 2 diabetic patients was 23.5% and in non diabetic subjects was 12%. Serum FT3 and serum FT4 did not show any significant difference among the groups. Type 2 diabetic patients with thyroid disorders had more elevated level of serum TSH level than those who were non diabetic subjects with TD. Thyroid disorders were significantly higher in female, overweight and obese subjects. Patients with TD had strong association with family history of TD. This study showed that the presence of TD in type 2 diabetes mellitus was very high. Regular screening for thyroid disorders in type 2 diabetic patients specially serum TSH level is recommended.
This cross sectional study was carried out in the outpatient department of Bangladesh Institute of Research and Rehabilitation in Diabetes, Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders, Bangladesh (BIRDEM) General Hospital, Dhaka, to explore the factors influencing or related to the development of the diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) with specific concern to the HbA1c levels. A total of 400 patients with type 2 diabetic were selected to collect information on sociodemographic, blood pressure, anthropometry and lipid profile. Glycaemic status was assessed by HbA1c and plasma glucose levels. Prevalence of DPN was 16.8%, with male 10.8% and female 20.9%. Increased HbA1c categories above 7.0% were significantly associated with increased prevalence of DPN (9.2 Vs. 10.5 Vs 26.5%; χ 2 = 19.446, p = .000). Logistic regression models showed that the risk of DPN was strongly increased at the HbA1c categories ≥8% (OR = 3.57; 95% CI: 1.75-7.26). Advanced age (OR = 1.97; 95% CI: 1.12-3.47), longer duration of diabetes (OR = 1.81; 95% CI: 1.02-3.19), lacking of physical exercise (OR = 2.60; 95% CI: 1.47-4.58), female gender (OR = 2.17; 95% CI: 1.21-3.89), fasting blood glucose (OR = 1.153; 95% CI: 1.058-1.255) and blood glucose 2 hours after breakfast (OR = 1.096; 95% CI: 1.029-1.168) were significant risk factors of DPN. However, there is need of a large scale community based prospective study to validate the results.
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