Estimating the relative weights of visual and auditory tau versus heuristic-based cues for time-to-contact judgments in realistic, familiar scenes by older and younger adults

Keshavarz, Behrang; Campos, Jennifer L.; DeLucia, Patricia R.; Oberfeld, Daniel

doi:10.3758/s13414-016-1270-9

Cited by 23 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 58 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…To illustrate, people are better in deducing spatial information regarding an approaching car when presented with information visually compared to being presented with auditory information. Therefore, when deducing temporal and spatial information from an approaching car, vision is our dominating system and thereby relatively impervious to distortion (Keshavarz et al, 2017). By contrast, in foggy environments, when the car is almost invisible, auditory information becomes more important.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interrelations Between Temporal and Spatial Cognition: The Role of Modality-Specific Processing

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Temporal and spatial representations are not independent of each other. Two conflicting theories provide alternative hypotheses concerning the specific interrelations between temporal and spatial representations. The asymmetry hypothesis (based on the conceptual metaphor theory, Lakoff and Johnson, 1980) predicts that temporal and spatial representations are asymmetrically interrelated such that spatial representations have a stronger impact on temporal representations than vice versa. In contrast, the symmetry hypothesis (based on a theory of magnitude, Walsh, 2003) predicts that temporal and spatial representations are symmetrically interrelated. Both theoretical approaches have received empirical support. From an embodied cognition perspective, we argue that taking sensorimotor processes into account may be a promising steppingstone to explain the contradictory findings. Notably, different modalities are differently sensitive to the processing of time and space. For instance, auditory information processing is more sensitive to temporal than spatial information, whereas visual information processing is more sensitive to spatial than temporal information. Consequently, we hypothesized that different sensorimotor tasks addressing different modalities may account for the contradictory findings. To test this, we critically reviewed relevant literature to examine which modalities were addressed in time-space mapping studies. Results indicate that the majority of the studies supporting the asymmetry hypothesis applied visual tasks for both temporal and spatial representations. Studies supporting the symmetry hypothesis applied mainly auditory tasks for the temporal domain, but visual tasks for the spatial domain. We conclude that the use of different tasks addressing different modalities may be the primary reason for (a)symmetric effects of space on time, instead of a genuine (a)symmetric mapping.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interrelations Between Temporal and Spatial Cognition: The Role of Modality-Specific Processing

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Most individuals expressed enhanced performance solely for one distance whereas during extrapolation at a second distance performance decreased. This might also explain why previous studies on audiovisual motion prediction did not find any significant advantage for audiovisual compared to visual-only conditions ( Schiff and Oldak, 1990 ; Hofbauer et al, 2004 ; Zhou et al, 2007 ; Hassan, 2012 ; DeLucia et al, 2016 ; Keshavarz et al, 2017 ). It might be possible that their results are confounded by interindividual differences so that no clear advantage of additional auditory information could emerge.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Temporal Audiovisual Motion Prediction in 2D- vs. 3D-Environments

Dittrich

Noesselt

2018

Front. Psychol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Predicting motion is essential for many everyday life activities, e.g., in road traffic. Previous studies on motion prediction failed to find consistent results, which might be due to the use of very different stimulus material and behavioural tasks. Here, we directly tested the influence of task (detection, extrapolation) and stimulus features (visual vs. audiovisual and three-dimensional vs. non-three-dimensional) on temporal motion prediction in two psychophysical experiments. In both experiments a ball followed a trajectory toward the observer and temporarily disappeared behind an occluder. In audiovisual conditions a moving white noise (congruent or non-congruent to visual motion direction) was presented concurrently. In experiment 1 the ball reappeared on a predictable or a non-predictable trajectory and participants detected when the ball reappeared. In experiment 2 the ball did not reappear after occlusion and participants judged when the ball would reach a specified position at two possible distances from the occluder (extrapolation task). Both experiments were conducted in three-dimensional space (using stereoscopic screen and polarised glasses) and also without stereoscopic presentation. Participants benefitted from visually predictable trajectories and concurrent sounds during detection. Additionally, visual facilitation was more pronounced for non-3D stimulation during detection task. In contrast, for a more complex extrapolation task group mean results indicated that auditory information impaired motion prediction. However, a post hoc cross-validation procedure (split-half) revealed that participants varied in their ability to use sounds during motion extrapolation. Most participants selectively profited from either near or far extrapolation distances but were impaired for the other one. We propose that interindividual differences in extrapolation efficiency might be the mechanism governing this effect. Together, our results indicate that both a realistic experimental environment and subject-specific differences modulate the ability of audiovisual motion prediction and need to be considered in future research.

show abstract

“…OMAR sounds include musical tones produced by blowing or bowing (including synthesized versions), as well as soundscape recordings of the beach and/or forest 54 and specific events such as animal vocalizations 80,83 , and water poured into a glass 54 . We also consider sounds produced by helicopters 79 trains 55 and car engines 104 to be referential, as they are derived from physical events. www.nature.com/scientificreports www.nature.com/scientificreports/ Despite its broad definition, only 10.7% of the total stimuli encountered are referential (20.7% JEP; 9.0% APP; 3.2% JASA; 0.3% HR).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the generalization of tones: A detailed exploration of non-speech auditory perception stimuli

Schutz

Gillard

2020

Sci Rep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

the dynamic changes in natural sounds' temporal structures convey important event-relevant information. However, prominent researchers have previously expressed concern that non-speech auditory perception research disproportionately uses simplistic stimuli lacking the temporal variation found in natural sounds. A growing body of work now demonstrates that some conclusions and models derived from experiments using simplistic tones fail to generalize, raising important questions about the types of stimuli used to assess the auditory system. To explore the issue empirically, we conducted a novel, large-scale survey of non-speech auditory perception research from four prominent journals. A detailed analysis of 1017 experiments from 443 articles reveals that 89% of stimuli employ amplitude envelopes lacking the dynamic variations characteristic of non-speech sounds heard outside the laboratory. Given differences in task outcomes and even the underlying perceptual strategies evoked by dynamic vs. invariant amplitude envelopes, this raises important questions of broad relevance to psychologists and neuroscientists alike. this lack of exploration of a property increasingly recognized as playing a crucial role in perception suggests future research using stimuli with time-varying amplitude envelopes holds significant potential for furthering our understanding of the auditory system's basic processing capabilities.

show abstract

Estimating the relative weights of visual and auditory tau versus heuristic-based cues for time-to-contact judgments in realistic, familiar scenes by older and younger adults

Cited by 23 publications

References 58 publications

Interrelations Between Temporal and Spatial Cognition: The Role of Modality-Specific Processing

Interrelations Between Temporal and Spatial Cognition: The Role of Modality-Specific Processing

Temporal Audiovisual Motion Prediction in 2D- vs. 3D-Environments

On the generalization of tones: A detailed exploration of non-speech auditory perception stimuli

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About