Interrelations Between Temporal and Spatial Cognition: The Role of Modality-Specific Processing

Loeffler, Jonna; Cañal‐Bruland, Rouwen; Schroeger, Anna; Tolentino-Castro, J. Walter; Raab, Markus

doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02609

Cited by 38 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 35 publications

(92 reference statements)

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“…Adding to this theory, highlight that explicit representations of time are not solely rooted in space but also in motor interactions with the world, which have a temporal and a spatial component. The authors offer a developmental approach of how we construct a representation of time by performing actions in space during childhood (see also Loeffler et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating Time: Comparing the Accuracy of Estimation Methods for Interval Timing

Damsma

Schlichting

Rijn

et al. 2021

Collabra: Psychology

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In interval timing experiments, motor reproduction is the predominant method used when participants are asked to estimate an interval. However, it is unknown how its accuracy, precision and efficiency compare to alternative methods, such as indicating the duration by spatial estimation on a timeline. In two experiments, we compared different interval estimation methods. In the first experiment, participants were asked to reproduce an interval by means of motor reproduction, timeline estimation, or verbal estimation. We found that, on average, verbal estimates were more accurate and precise than line estimates and motor reproductions. However, we found a bias towards familiar whole second units when giving verbal estimates. Motor reproductions were more precise, but not more accurate than timeline estimates. In the second experiment, we used a more complex task: Participants were presented a stream of digits and one target letter and were subsequently asked to reproduce both the interval to target onset and the duration of the total stream by means of motor reproduction and timeline estimation. We found that motor reproductions were more accurate, but not more precise than timeline estimates. In both experiments, timeline estimates had the lowest reaction times. Overall, our results suggest that the transformation of time into space has only a relatively minor cost. In addition, they show that each estimation method comes with its own advantages, and that the choice of estimation method depends on choices in the experimental design: for example, when using durations with integer durations verbal estimates are superior, yet when testing long durations, motor reproductions are time intensive making timeline estimates a more sensible choice.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating Time: Comparing the Accuracy of Estimation Methods for Interval Timing

Damsma

Schlichting

Rijn

et al. 2021

Collabra: Psychology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating Time: Comparing the Accuracy of Estimation Methods for Interval Timing

Damsma¹,

Schlichting²,

Rijn³

et al. 2019

Preprint

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In interval timing experiments, motor reproduction is the predominant method used when participants are asked to estimate an interval. However, it is unknown how its accuracy, precision and efficiency compare to alternative methods, such as indicating the duration by spatial estimation on a timeline. In two experiments, we compared different interval estimation methods. In the first experiment, participants were asked to reproduce an interval by means of motor reproduction, timeline estimation, or verbal estimation. We found that, on average, verbal estimates were more accurate and precise than line estimates and motor reproductions. However, we found a bias towards familiar whole second units when giving verbal estimates. Motor reproductions were more precise, but not more accurate than timeline estimates. In the second experiment, we used a more complex task: Participants were presented a stream of digits and one target letters and were subsequently asked to reproduce both the interval to target onset and the duration of the total stream by means of motor reproduction and timeline estimation. We found that motor reproductions were more accurate, but not more precise than timeline estimates. In both experiments, timeline estimates had the lowest reaction times. Overall, our results suggest that the transformation of time into space has only a relatively minor cost. In addition, they show that each estimation method comes with its own advantages, and that the choice of estimation method depends on choices in the experimental design: for example, when using durations with integer durations verbal estimates are superior, yet when testing long durations, motor reproductions are time intensive making timeline estimates a more sensible choice.

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“…On a final note, we deem it likely that both response modality and the modality of stimulus presentation play important roles in determining spatial and temporal precision in manual interception (see also Loeffler et al 2018 ). As concerns response modality, future research may be well advised to compare different ways to respond, for example, by contrasting verbal vs. motor responses.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of visual blur and contrast on spatial and temporal precision in manual interception

et al. 2021

Self Cite

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The visual system is said to be especially sensitive towards spatial but lesser so towards temporal information. To test this, in two experiments, we systematically reduced the acuity and contrast of a visual stimulus and examined the impact on spatial and temporal precision (and accuracy) in a manual interception task. In Experiment 1, we blurred a virtual, to-be-intercepted moving circle (ball). Participants were asked to indicate (i.e., finger tap) on a touchscreen where and when the virtual ball crossed a ground line. As a measure of spatial and temporal accuracy and precision, we analyzed the constant and variable errors, respectively. With increasing blur, the spatial and temporal variable error, as well as the spatial constant error increased, while the temporal constant error decreased. Because in the first experiment, blur was potentially confounded with contrast, in Experiment 2, we re-ran the experiment with one difference: instead of blur, we included five levels of contrast matched to the blur levels. We found no systematic effects of contrast. Our findings confirm that blurring vision decreases spatial precision and accuracy and that the effects were not mediated by concomitant changes in contrast. However, blurring vision also affected temporal precision and accuracy, thereby questioning the generalizability of the theoretical predictions to the applied interception task.

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Interrelations Between Temporal and Spatial Cognition: The Role of Modality-Specific Processing

Cited by 38 publications

References 35 publications

Estimating Time: Comparing the Accuracy of Estimation Methods for Interval Timing

Estimating Time: Comparing the Accuracy of Estimation Methods for Interval Timing

Estimating Time: Comparing the Accuracy of Estimation Methods for Interval Timing

Effects of visual blur and contrast on spatial and temporal precision in manual interception

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