Estimating clamp force for brake-by-wire systems: Thermal considerations

Saric, Stephen; Bab–Hadiashar, Alireza; Walt, J.L. Van der

doi:10.1016/j.mechatronics.2009.05.001

Cited by 20 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…As a consequence, the vehicle speed is reduced and the heat energy released causes a temperature increase of the brake disc during the brake application. The effect of actual surface area on specific contact temperatures and coefficient of friction determined that maximum temperatures at the contact points did not linearly increase as the contact area ratio decreased [7]. Brake disc and pad material affect the friction generated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

A Study of Heat Transfer on Front and Back Vented Brake Disc Effect on Vibration

Lakkam

Puangcharoenchai

Suwantaroj

2017

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Abstract. The purpose of this study was to investigate the vibration characteristics of both front and back vented brake discs with physically different shapes. In accordance with theory, the heat transfer rates of the two types of brake disc were different and played an important role in deformation during usage. A dynamometer was used as an engineering tool for the experimental work, with boundary conditions according to the Japanese Automobile Standard JASO C406. One degree of freedom (DOF) acceleration signals on the brake calipers were analysed. Results indicated that the back vented brake disc reduced the vibration by up to 43.5% compared to the front vented brake disc with braking temperature at 200C, initial braking speed 50 km/h and hydraulic pressure of 4 MPa. Hydraulic pressure at 4 MPa generated the maximum vibration. Initial braking speed and braking temperature were also important factors.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

A Study of Heat Transfer on Front and Back Vented Brake Disc Effect on Vibration

Lakkam

Puangcharoenchai

Suwantaroj

2017

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“…The thermocouple temperature sensor can be used to predict the brake disc temperature and the characteristic curve can be corrected based on the predicted temperature if the ambient temperature changes the characteristic curve [55]. In order to estimate the high dynamic caliper force, Saric uses the internal resolver and the dynamic stiffness relationship between the motor angle and clamp force to estimate the clamp force first; and then uses the motor current sensor, internal resolver, and torque balance method to estimate the caliper force again; the maximum-likelihood estimator was finally designed to fuse the outputs of two independent algorithms to optimize the caliper force estimation [56].…”

Section: Caliper Force/braking Force Estimationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review on the Development, Control Method and Application Prospect of Brake-by-Wire Actuator

Gong

Yan

et al. 2020

Actuators

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This paper reviews and summarizes the development, key technologies, and application of brake-by-wire (BBW) actuators. BBW is the technology orientation of future vehicle brake system. The main feature of BBW is to replace some of the mechanical and hydraulic components of traditional brake system with electronic control components, and use cables and wires to transmit energy and signals. BBW actuators have outstanding advantages, such as fast response, accurate control, and compact structure. They are easy to integrate with active safety functions and they are easily matched with the regenerative braking systems of electric vehicle. First, this paper summarizes the classification, characteristics, performance, and architecture of BBW actuators. Subsequently, the braking process regulation of vehicle is considered to be the main target, which is summarized from two aspects of actuator regulation and braking force distribution. The state estimation algorithm and control algorithm applied to these actuators are summarized and analyzed, and the development trend, challenges, and schemes of the braking force distribution are proposed. The development and research trend of braking force match strategies between the regenerative brake system and BBW system are also analyzed and summarized. The further electrification and intelligence of vehicle demand BBW's braking force control method and distribution method must have higher control accuracy, stronger robustness, and wider adaptability, and the effects on braking comfort and handling stability must be further discussed.Actuators 2020, 9, 15 2 of 24 new features [2,3]. The additional functions, such as ABS and ESP, require additional devices, such as high-speed solenoid valves, oil return pumps, and return lines. Therefore, the structure of hydraulic brake system is becoming increasingly complex, and the maintenance is also becoming more and more difficult [4,5]. At present, new energy vehicles, such as electric vehicles (EV), hybrid electric vehicles (HEV), and fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEV), are developing rapidly and are highly concerned by major automotive manufacturers. However, most electric vehicles still use hydraulic brake system. On the one hand, the electric vehicles cannot use vacuum boosters to provide auxiliary force. The electric hydraulic pump must first be used to increase the hydraulic pressure, and then delivers the high pressure to each wheel. The electric energy needs to be converted and then transmitted multiple times in this process, so the energy utilization efficiency is not high, and there is the potential danger of brake fluid leakage. On the other hand, the hydraulic brake system cannot accurately and independently regulate the braking force, so it cannot be well matched with the regenerative brake system of EV and HEV [6].Actuators 2020, 9, 15 2 of 24 hydraulic brake system is becoming increasingly complex, and the maintenance is also becoming more and more difficult [4,5]. At present, new energy vehicles, such as electric vehicles (EV)...

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“…where each subscript of J corresponds to each rotational component. The motor torque in Equation (7) is equal to the sum of T L , the load torque; T i , the inertia torque that is proportional to the motor angular acceleration with the total inertia in equation (10); and T f , the friction torque 3,5–10…”

Section: Modeling Of Electromechanical Brakementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on this proposed method, various methods of clamping force estimation have been proposed. 1,6,10…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clamping force control based on dynamic model estimation for electromechanical brakes

Park

Choi

2017

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D:

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The electromechanical brake (EMB) is expected to be utilized for future brake systems due to its many advantages. In this paper, keeping commercialization of the EMB in mind, a new EMB clamping force controller is proposed to overcome the limitations of the existing controller, namely, the extra cost for sensor installation and response delay. To design the controller, both mechanical parts and electrical parts in the EMB have to be mathematically analyzed. Also, dynamic models, clamping force, and friction torque are estimated to generate some feed-forward terms of the controller. With an estimation of the contact point where brake pads start to come into contact with a disk wheel, the clamping force is expressed as a polynomial curve versus the motor angle. The estimated clamping force is evaluated in comparison with measured values by a load cell. The proposed controller is based on an adaptive sliding mode control method with an adaptive law reducing errors of the friction torque model. Lastly, the performance of the entire control system is compared with that of the existing controller on a test bench.

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Estimating clamp force for brake-by-wire systems: Thermal considerations

Cited by 20 publications

References 11 publications

A Study of Heat Transfer on Front and Back Vented Brake Disc Effect on Vibration

A Study of Heat Transfer on Front and Back Vented Brake Disc Effect on Vibration

Review on the Development, Control Method and Application Prospect of Brake-by-Wire Actuator

Clamping force control based on dynamic model estimation for electromechanical brakes

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