Estimating ammonia volatilization from unsaturated urea fertilized and urine affected soils by an indirect method

Sherlock, Robert R.; Freney, J. R.; Bacon, P. E.; Weerden, Tony J. van der

doi:10.1007/bf00750466

Cited by 33 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Ammonia losses were considerably lower from AS than urea at equivalent N rates in Experiments 1 and 2 at Longerenong (Table 3), and this is to be expected as the pH of the soil in the vicinity of the urea granules is *8.2 (Sherlock et al , 1995 whereas the indigenous pHs of the soils at Longerenong were lower at 7.8 and 7.5. Ammonia loss from AS was considerably higher in Experiment 1 than Experiment 2.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

“…Previous studies of NH 3 loss from moist soils treated with urea show that peak emissions usually occur 1-3 DAF (Black et al 1985a, b;Cai et al 2002a, b;Fan et al 2005;Prasertsak et al 2001aPrasertsak et al , 2002Sherlock et al 1995). Prasertsak et al (2001b) reported very small losses for the first 4 DAF to dry soil and it was not until rain or irrigation water dissolved the fertilizer granules that emissions increased in magnitude.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

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Ammonia volatilization from nitrogen fertilizers applied to cereals in two cropping areas of southern Australia

Turner

Edis

Chen

et al. 2012

Nutr Cycl Agroecosyst

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As farmers in southern Australia typically apply nitrogen (N) to cereal crops by top-dressing with ammonia (NH 3 ) based fertilizer in late winter or early spring there is the potential for large losses of NH 3 . This paper describes the results of micrometeorological measurements to determine NH 3 loss and emission factors following applications of urea, urea ammonium nitrate (UAN), and ammonium sulfate (AS) at different rates to cereal crops at two locations in southern Australia. The amounts of NH 3 lost are required for farm economics and management, whilst emission factors are needed for inventory purposes. Ammonia loss varied with fertilizer type (urea [ UA-N [ AS) and location, and ranged from 1.8 to 23 % of N applied. This compares with the emission factor of 10 % of applied N advocated by IPCC ( 2007). The variation with location seemed to be due to a combination of factors including soil texture, soil moisture content when fertilizer was applied and rainfall after fertilizer application. Two experiments at one location, 1 week apart, demonstrated how small, temporal differences in weather conditions and initial soil water content affected the magnitude of NH 3 loss. The results of these experiments underline the difficulties farmers face in timing fertilization as the potential for loss, depending on rainfall, can be large.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Ammonia volatilization from nitrogen fertilizers applied to cereals in two cropping areas of southern Australia

Turner

Edis

Chen

et al. 2012

Nutr Cycl Agroecosyst

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“…In the urea treatments, the 10 mm of water applied with eco-n would have reduced NH 3 volatilisation losses by washing the dissolved urea below the soil surface (Black et al 1985). In addi-tion, ammonia volatilisation is strongly affected by soil pH (Sherlock et al 1995). Once the pH was reduced to below seven, 2 weeks after the urea and urine applications, further NH 3 volatilisation losses became negligible (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treating grazed pasture soil with a nitrification inhibitor, eco‐n™, to decrease nitrate leaching in a deep sandy soil under spray irrigation—a lysimeter study

Cameron

2004

New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research

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In grazed dairy pasture systems, a major source of nitrate leached is the nitrogen (N) returned in the urine from the grazing animal. The objective of this study was to use undisturbed soil monolith lysimeters to quantify the effectiveness of treating a grazed pasture soil with a nitrification inhibitor, trade name eco-n™ (active ingredientdicyandiamide, DCD), in decreasing NO 3 -leaching losses from a deep sandy Templeton soil (Udic Haplustept) with a mixture of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) and white clover (Trifolium repens) pasture. Simulated rainfall was applied in the winter to supplement the natural rainfall to the 75th percentile of local rainfall records, and spray irrigation was applied in the summer. The treatment of the soil with eco-n decreased NO 3 --N leaching from 85 to 20-22 kg N ha -1 yr -1 (equivalent to 74-76% reduction) for the dairy cow urine N applied in the autumn at the rate of 1000 kg N ha -1 . This reduced annual average NO 3 --N concentration under the urine patch from 25 to 7 mg N litre -1 . The eco-n treatment also reduced Ca 2+ leaching by 38-56% and Mg leaching by 21-42%. Ammonia volatilisation was not affected by the eco-n treatment. In addition, the eco-n treatment increased herbage dry matter yield in the urine patch areas by 33%, from 15.9 t ha -1 yr -1 without eco-n to 18.2t ha -1 yr -1 in the single eco-n application in May and to 21.1 t ha -1 yr eficial to the environment by reducing NO 3 -leaching but also has economic benefits by increasing nutrient use efficiency and pasture production.

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“…This paper reports a study on NH 3 , CH 4 , and N 2 O emission from a pasture under conditions recommended by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (1997), after pig ( Sus scrofa ) slurry application, to assist in defining suitable factors to calculate CH 4 and N 2 O emissions. Micrometeorological methods are available for accurately measuring NH 3 volatilization in the field (Denmead et al, 1974; Denmead, 1983; Wilson et al, 1983; Schjoerring et al, 1992; Sherlock et al, 1995; Wood et al, 2000). Various chamber procedures for NH 3 have also been implemented in the field, but these can introduce experimental artifacts that alter the dynamics and extent of NH 3 volatilization (Freney et al, 1983; Black et al, 1985).…”

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Ammonia, Methane, and Nitrous Oxide Emission from Pig Slurry Applied to a Pasture in New Zealand

et al. 2002

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ABSTRACTafter nitrification of the ammonium nitrogen (NH 4 -N) present, and emission of NH 3 (European Centre for Much animal manure is being applied to small land areas close to Ecotoxicology and Toxicology of Chemicals, 1994), CH 4animal confinements, resulting in environmental degradation. This paper reports a study on the emissions of ammonia (NH 3 ), methane (Chadwick and Pain, 1997) et al., 1991, 1996). However, TAN applied). Methane emission was highest (39.6 g C hathe magnitude of these direct effects and interactions immediately after application, as dissolved CH 4 was released from the slurry. Emissions then continued at a low rate for approximately 7is not known with certainty.

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Estimating ammonia volatilization from unsaturated urea fertilized and urine affected soils by an indirect method

Cited by 33 publications

References 23 publications

Ammonia volatilization from nitrogen fertilizers applied to cereals in two cropping areas of southern Australia

Ammonia volatilization from nitrogen fertilizers applied to cereals in two cropping areas of southern Australia

Treating grazed pasture soil with a nitrification inhibitor, eco‐n™, to decrease nitrate leaching in a deep sandy soil under spray irrigation—a lysimeter study

Ammonia, Methane, and Nitrous Oxide Emission from Pig Slurry Applied to a Pasture in New Zealand

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