Esthetic perception of black spaces between maxillary central incisors by different age groups

Upper incisor exposure and aging: Perceptions of aesthetics in three age groups

“…Still, with regard to age, there were statistically significant differences regarding the preferences of maxillary dental exposure when smiling. This result is similar to that found by Pithon et al [15] when assessing the differences between three age groups (15e19, 35e44, 65e74 years) in perceptions of interdental spacing. However, according to Kaya and Uyar [7] and Heravi et al [8], age is not a factor that influences the perceived attractiveness of a smile.…”

Evaluation of black spaces between maxillary central incisors by dentistry students and laypeople

“…Therefore, photographs with larger black spaces were rated as less attractive (P ˂ 0.01). The results of the present study were in accordance with those reported by Pithonet al (5). Also, a study by Van der Geld et al (17) evaluated the perception of asymmetry of laypeople and concluded that advanced age was associated with reduced perception of the esthetic details of the smile.…”

“…At the final stage of orthodontic treatment, black spaces that influence esthetics can occur at the midline (5,9,17). According to this opinion, the aim of current study was to evaluate esthetic perceptions of the smile of patients with different sized black spaces among dental students in different years of study and laypeople.…”

“…An extraoral photograph of a 30-year-old woman with neutral occlusion obtained with a digital camera (Rebel XTI; Canon, Tokyo, Japan) was used with the permission of Pithon et al (5). This photograph was clipped to show the gingiva, teeth, and lips to focus attention on the smile only.…”

“…After orthodontic treatment, black spaces sometimes occur in the gingival embrasure region of the maxillary central incisors (5). Black spaces, which negatively affect facial esthetics, can occur on the midline because of gingival recession or bone resorption.…”