Esterification of palmitic acid with methanol over template-assisted mesoporous sulfated zirconia solid acid catalyst

Saravanan, K.; Tyagi, Beena; Shukla, Ram S.; Bajaj, Hari C.

doi:10.1016/j.apcatb.2015.02.014

Cited by 124 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Mechanistic aspects of acetic acid esterification over heterogeneous Brønsted acid catalysts indicate that the formation of a strongly adsorbed, protonated acid intermediate is followed by rate-limiting step nucleophilic attack by the alcohol to yield a protonated carbonyl through either a single-(Eley-Rideal) [27] or double-site (Langmuir-Hinshelwood) [28,29] surface reaction. Although initial esterification rates and associated Turnover Frequencies (TOFs) decreased significantly for chain length >C6, TOFs for hexanoic and palmitic acids are almost an order of magnitude higher than those reported for WO X /ZrO 2 [22] WO X /ZrPO x [30], and mesoporous SO 4 /ZrO 2 [31], twice those of either sulfonic acid functionalised SBA-15 and KIT-6 mesoporous sílicas [23,25] or heteropolyacids [32], and only surpassed by homogeneous p-sulfonic acid calix [6]arene and p-hydroxybenzenesulfonic …”

Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 87%

A new application for transition metal chalcogenides: WS2 catalysed esterification of carboxylic acids

Santos

Durndell

Isaacs

et al. 2017

Catalysis Communications

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The first application of WS 2 , a well-known graphene analogue, as a solid acid catalyst for carboxylic acid esterification is reported. WS 2 exhibits excellent specific activities and high conversion to methyl esters of (65-90 %) for C2-C16 carboxylic acid esterification with methanol under mild conditions, with Turnover Frequencies between 80-180 h -1 , and outstanding water tolerance even under equimolar water spiking. WS 2 also exhibits good stability towards methyl propanoate in the continuous esterification of propanoic acid, and is a promising candidate for biofuels production.

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Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 87%

A new application for transition metal chalcogenides: WS2 catalysed esterification of carboxylic acids

Santos

Durndell

Isaacs

et al. 2017

Catalysis Communications

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“…A C C E P T E D M A N U S C R I P T ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT 4 SAC-13 (NF-SAC, fluorosulfonic acid Nafion® polymer on amorphous silica, 10-20 wt%)…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arenesulfonic acid functionalized ordered mesoporous silica as solid acid catalyst for solvent free dehydration of sorbitol to isosorbide

Dabbawala

Park

Valekar

et al. 2015

Catalysis Communications

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“…However, larger ratio on the other hand may have dilution effect by overloading the catalyst's active sites that may hinder the protonation of acid at the active sites hence resulted in lower activity. The condition of reaction was chosen according to work reported by other author with slight modification [13,24]. The choice of parameter was to ensure optimum performance of catalysts.…”

Section: Esterification Of Lauric Acidmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Palmitic acid esterification using this catalyst gave yield of methyl palmitic 88-90%. Further research detail on how Zr/CTAB ratio, calcination temperature affects the catalytic activity of catalyst on esterification had not been conducted [13]. Herein, we prepared sulfated zirconia using template-assisted CTAB made with various ratios Zr/ CTAB 1:1, 3:1, and 9:1.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and characterization of sulfated zirconia mesopore and its application on lauric acid esterification

Rachmat

Trisunaryanti

Sutarno

et al. 2017

Mater Renew Sustain Energy

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Sulfated zirconia mesopore has been successfully prepared from zirconyl oxychloride using structure directing agent cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) and (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 . The preparation involved calcination at four different temperatures denoted as MZS (400, 500, 600, and 700°C) and three different zirconyl-to-CTAB ratios (1:1, 3:1, and 9:1). Characterization of resulting zirconia was carried out using XRD method, TEM, gas sorption analyzer, and FTIR. The acidity of zirconia evaluated by ammonia adsorption. Calcination temperatures conducted at 500, 600, and 700°C lead to crystalline structure and tetragonal phase. MZS-600 prepared at ratio 3:1 showed optimum specific surface area, pore diameter, and pore volume: 147.5 m 2 /g, 6.6 nm, and 0.396 cc/g, respectively. CTAB assisted larger pore size formation in zirconia along with higher surface area. The catalytic activity of sulfated zirconia mesopore was tested on lauric acid esterification. All sulfated zirconia mesopores prepared were able to give 99-100% conversion. The highest yield of methyl lauric 89.8% was achieved by MZS-600 prepared using CTAB to zirconyl ratio 9:1.

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Esterification of palmitic acid with methanol over template-assisted mesoporous sulfated zirconia solid acid catalyst

Cited by 124 publications

References 40 publications

A new application for transition metal chalcogenides: WS2 catalysed esterification of carboxylic acids

A new application for transition metal chalcogenides: WS2 catalysed esterification of carboxylic acids

Arenesulfonic acid functionalized ordered mesoporous silica as solid acid catalyst for solvent free dehydration of sorbitol to isosorbide

Synthesis and characterization of sulfated zirconia mesopore and its application on lauric acid esterification

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