Establishment and characterization of 18 human colorectal cancer cell lines

Abstract

Colorectal cancer (CRC) represents the third most frequently diagnosed malignancy worldwide and is the second most common cause of tumor-associated mortalities in Korea. Due to the disease's aggressive behavior, the 5-year survival rate for CRC patients remains unpromising. Well-characterized cell lines have been used as a biological model for studying the biology of cancer and developing novel therapeutics. To assist in vitro studies, 18 CRC cell lines () derived from Korean patients were established and characterized in the present study. General characteristics of each cell line including doubling time, in vitro morphology, mutational profiles, and protein expressions of CRCrelated genes were described. Whole exome sequencing was performed on each cell line to configure mutational profiles. Single nucleotide variation, frame shift, in-frame deletions and insertions, start codon deletion, and splice stop codon mutation of various genes were found and classified based on their pathogenicity reports. In addition, cell viability was assayed to measure their sensitivities to 24 anti-cancer drugs including anti-metabolites, kinase inhibitors, histone deacetylase inhibitors, alkylating inhibitors, and topoisomerase inhibitors, all widely used for various cancers. On testing, five CRC cell lines showed MSI, of which MLH1 or MSH6 gene was mutated. These newly established CRC cell lines can be used to investigate biological characteristics of CRC, particularly for investigating gene alterations associated with CRC.Colorectal cancer (CRC) represents the third most frequently diagnosed tumor worldwide and is the second most common cause of tumor-associated mortalities in Korea 1,2 . It remains the second most perpetual type of tumor in both genders (men: 12.4%; women: 10.1%), and the number of CRC cases continues to increase. Approximately 25% of CRC cases are diagnosed in stage IV, and recurrence with distance metastasis follows after primary resection in nearly 50% of CRC patients 3 . Due to its aggressive behavior, the 5-year relative survival rate remains disapproving 4 . Neoadjuvent therapy is generally performed before surgical resection as single-or multi-agent chemotherapy to improve prognosis 5 . While roughly 50% of CRC patients respond to customary chemotherapy, the majority develop drug resistance through the course of treatment, and relapse or distance metastasis often follows. In recent years, novel anti-cancer agents that target surface growth factor receptors have been developed as adjuvant therapy to decrease the risk of the cancer recurrence 6 .Well-characterized cell lines have been used as models for studying the biology of cancer and developing novel therapeutics 7 . However, most of the widely used CRC cell lines were derived from Caucasian and African American populations. Accordingly, inter-heterogeneity from ethnic diversity has been biased toward Western countries. To address this need, we established and characterized 18 novel CRC cell cultures

Exosomal miR-193a and let-7g accelerate cancer progression on primary colorectal cancer and paired peritoneal metastatic cancer

“…AUC value of CRC-PTM cell lines. The experiment was conducted as described in the previous paper [32] . At density of 2 ✕ 10 5 cells/well, tumor cells were seeded into a 96-well plate.…”

Overview of research progress and application of experimental models of colorectal cancer

“…The appropriate cell lines are selected based on the type of cancer or gene expression levels, according to the aims of the study. SW620, Caco-2, RKO, SW480, HT8, HT29, HT116, LoVo, and LS174 T cell lines are currently widely used in basic research studies on CRC ( Akashi et al, 2000 ; Vécsey et al, 2002 ; Lind et al, 2004 ; Barretina et al, 2012 ; Ahmed et al, 2013 ; Gemei et al, 2013; Mouradov et al, 2014 ; Maletzki et al, 2015 ; Boot et al, 2016 ; Berg et al, 2017 ; Mooi et al, 2018 ; Kim et al, 2020 ; Bian et al, 2021 ).…”

Establishment and Characterization of 21 Human Colorectal Cancer Patient-Derived Organoids

“…This reveals that the result of DEG analysis is associated with AUC values of drug response because these six drugs target mTOR/PI3K, HDAC, MEK, PI3K/AKT, HER1/2, and DNA synthesis, respectively. mTOR, PI3K, and AKT are known to inhibit ECM organization and GPCR ligand binding pathways [22].…”