Essential oils and ethanol extract from Camellia nitidissima and evaluation of their biological activity

Abstract

Camellia nitidissima, a well-known species of yellow Camellia, has undergone commercial cultivation as a new tea resource recently. Herein, the composition, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of the essential oil and ethanol extract of C. nitidissima were investigated. The essential oils from the leaves and flowers of C. nitidissima were obtained by hydro-distillation. A total of 56 and 34 constituents accounting for 77.5 and 96.8% of the oils were identified by GC-MS. Linalool (35.8%), phytol (7.9%), cis-geranyl acetone (7.3%) and methyl salicylate (6.8%) were found to be the primary components in the leaf oil, while the flower oil was rich in a-eudesmol (34.3%), ceudesmol (31.5%) and linalool (11.1%). The ethanol extract of C. nitidissima leaves contained 281.04 mg gallic acid equivalent/g of total phenols. The antioxidant activities of the two oils and extract were evaluated by DPPH and ABTS radical-scavenging assays. The IC 50 values varied from 17.4 (extract) to 720.3 lg/mL (flower oil) for DPPH and from 28.8(extract) to 889.6 lg/mL (flower oil) for ABTS. Both essential oils exhibited moderate antioxidant activities, and the extract possessed strong effects close to ascorbic acid. Additionally, the antimicrobial activities of the oils and extract against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were evaluated by agar dilution assay. No considerable bactericidal activities were observed for either essential oil or extract compared with ampicillin and tobramycin standards. The results indicated the extract was more efficient than the two essential oils against S. aureus (MIC = 0.625 mg/mL) and B. subtilis (MIC = 1.25 mg/ mL).

Streptomyces sp. Strain MUSC 125 from Mangrove Soil in Malaysia with Anti-MRSA, Anti-Biofilm and Antioxidant Activities

“…Other compounds detected by GC-MS included compound (4) which was previously reported in essential oil of few Camellia species to demonstrate activities against bacterial pathogens and ROS [50]. The essential oil of Ballota saxatilis containing compound (4) exhibited antioxidant activity as well as anticancer activity [51].…”

Hepatoprotective effects of Camellia nitidissima aqueous ethanol extract against CCl4-induced acute liver injury in SD rats related to Nrf2 and NF-κB signalling

“…According to Lin et al (2013), the extract of C. nitidissima leaves contains many beneficial components, including flavonoids, saponins, polyphenols, amino acids and polysaccharides. The antioxidant properties of C. nitidissima have been mainly attributed to the polyphenolic compounds (Wang, Ge et al 2018).…”

Synthesis, Characterization, Antimicrobial and Molecular Docking Study of Benzooxadiazole Derivatives

“…Telechelic oligomers with terminal functional groups can also be obtained using radical initiators or chain transfer agents with functional fragments. 6 Wang et al 7 provide an overview of methods for obtaining polymers with terminal functional OH-group via different methods (ionic polymerization of epoxides, synthesis based on tetrahydrofurane, synthesis with radical initiators of peroxy or azodinitrile types). The synthesis of heterotelechelic oligomers with terminal hydroxyl and carboxy groups via polymer-analogous transformations is shown in several works.…”

“…The important advantage of using isopropylbenzene (IPB) derivatives as chain transfer agents is the high reactivity of the hydrogen atom in the isopropyl group. The activation energy is 26.5-29.5 kJ/mol for the separation of hydrogen from Ph(CH 3 ) 2 C-H. 7 However, the participation of functional derivatives of IPB as chain transmitters isn't limited to the control of kinetic parameters of polymerization and molecular weight characteristics of the formed polymers. The presence of terminal functional fragments in the structure of oligomers provides opportunities for polymer analogous transformations by different mechanisms.…”