Erythropoietic Stimulating Factor (ESF) as a Stimulant of Cell Growth in vitro

Erythropoietic stimulating factor (ESF) effects on induced and spontaneous murine leukemia

“…The ESF extract used was sheep plasma erythropoietin concentrate prepared by the Armour Pharmaceutical Co., (Kankakee, Ill., U.S.A.) in cooperation with the University of Chicago for distribution through the Erythropoietin Committee of the National Heart Institute (National Institutes of Health, Department of Health, Education and Welfare, Bethesda, Md., USA). Similar preparations of this material have been utilized in previous studies from these laboratories (Leaders et a/., 1962;Leaders et al, 1964;Leaders et a/., 1965). This material was administered in two concentrations, 50 U/kg and 100 U/kg as a single dose subcutaneously (SC).…”

“…Previous work in these laboratories (Leaders et al, 1962;Leaders et al, 1964) implicated erythropoietic stimulating factor (ESF) in the processes of cell division in malignant and nonmalignant tissue growth. It was proposed that ESF acted as a non-specific growth factor (NGF).…”

Growth Acceleration of a Mouse Cell Line After Infection With Friend Leukemia Virus

“…During the investigation on the cause of these phenomena, he found that the normal chick fibroblasts produced two substances, Miroff et al, 1955;Miroff 1964;Shear et al, 1951). According to Leaders et al (1964) Normal cells may always be producing both growth promoting and growth inhibitory substances and the activities of both the substances may be in a state of equilibrium. The conditions required for demonstrating the increased growth potential of the cells treated with HFV are not yet well established.…”

Studies of Transplanted Haematopoietic Tissue Utilizing a Modified Algire Back Chamber

“…While most investigators have studied the mechanisms by which erythropoietin acts on the stem cell or other erythroid precursors to accelerate erythropoiesis, the suggestion of this study that erythropoietin exerts some other effects is not unprecedented. Leaders et al (1962Leaders et al ( , 1964, in a series of experiments on tumor growth and growth of tissue in culture, have suggested that erythropoietin may act as a 'non-specific growth factor'. McCuskey (1967McCuskey ( , 1968, in a series of in vivo studies called attention to the possible action of erythropoietin on the fetal hepatic microvascular system by noting increased blood flow, opening of sinusoids by dilation, of endothelial sphincters, and release of matured red blood cells.…”