Erythrocyte Preservation. V. Relationship Between Chemical Changes and Viability of Stored Blood Treated With Adenosine 1

Abstract

Blood refrigerated in acid-citrate-dextrose is known to undergo marked derangement in carbohydrate metabolism and loss of viability during storage. Previous studies of the "storage lesion" have indicated that this metabolic deterioration is arrested once the red cell is introduced into the active circulation of the recipient, and that the ability of the red cells to withstand further in vitro storage is regained (1).The addition of adenosine to stored blood has been shown to produce a repletion of cellular organic phosphates and an increased ability of the cells to oxidize glucose aerobically (2). Further data will be presented in this paper on the reversal of other storage changes and in particular the improved maintenance of the post-transfusion viability of the erythrocyte. MATERIALS AND METHODS Blood

The Effects of Nucleosides On the Resistance of Normal Human Erythrocytes to Osmotic lysis12

“…Several amino acids (aspartic acid, cysteine, glutamic acid, glycine, methionine), nicotinamide, glutathione, delta-aminolevulinic acid, sodium acetate and sodium chloride did not enhance resistance to osmotic lysis. Phenergan@, reported by Schales to inhibit the progressive increase in osmotic fragility observed in whole blood stored with acid citrate-dextrose solution (20) erythrocytes (4,(21)(22)(23)(24) demonstrate that purine ribosides are an effective vehicle for introduction of ribose phosphate into the human erythrocyte. In correlative studies (12) it was shown that the ribose phosphate which is taken up by the erythrocyte can be accounted for to a considerable extent by an increased production of lactic acid.…”

The Relationship of the Age of Rabbit Erythrocytes to the Effects of Inosine on their Osmotic Resistance12

“…These effects include enhanced resistance to osmotic lysis (13,18), increased organic phosphate esters within the cells (18), restoration of intracellular potassium (18,19) and sodium concentrations (20), and perhaps slight prolongation of viability of in vitro stored erythrocytes (18,21,22). The decline in the effect of inosine on the osmotic resistance of rabbit erythrocytes which have aged normally in vivo may indicate either a concomitant decline in the ability of the erythrocyte to metabolize the purine riboside or in its ability to utilize the energy produced by the metabolism of inosine as the result of irreversible changes which have occurred in the cell.…”

Erythrocyte Preservation. Vi. The Storage of Blood With Purine Nucleosides 1

“…This restoration of the energy potential has been associated, as well, with improvement in osmotic fragility, an increase in intracellular potassium and improvement in post-transfusion viability (2). From 10 ,umoles) indicates the potentially hazardous effects of this substance.…”

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The addition of adenosine to stored blood results in a chemical restoration of deteriorated erythrocytes and sustains their viability during continued storage (1,2). This phenomenon has been referred to as the in vitro reversibility of a biochemical lesion of storage.

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