Epstein-Barr Virus Receptors on Human Pharyngeal Epithelia

Young, Lawrence S.; Sixbey, John W.; Clark, D.; Rickinson, Alan B.

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(86)90776-2

Cited by 168 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…It has been reported that some human epithelial cell lines express low levels of CD21 in vitro, but in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells, CD21 is not detectable (25). Therefore, the question of whether an additional EBV receptor exists on epithelial cells has been addressed by several groups (10,48,49). The existence of a second EBV receptor might also point to an additional viral molecule, apart from BLLF1, that interacts with this receptor.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been shown that some epithelial cell lines, such as 293 or primary epithelial cells that line the pharyngeal mucosa, especially in less-differentiated stages, express relatively low levels of CD21 (10,49). Infection of these epithelial cells was believed to be mediated by binding of BLLF1 to CD21, as is known to be the case for B cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Infectious Epstein-Barr Virus Lacking Major Glycoprotein BLLF1 (gp350/220) Demonstrates the Existence of Additional Viral Ligands

Janz

Oezel

Kurzeder³

et al. 2000

J Virol

147

134

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The binding of the viral major glycoprotein BLLF1 (gp350/220) to the CD21 cellular receptor is thought to play an essential role during infection of B lymphocytes by the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). However, since CD21-negative cells have been reported to be infectible with EBV, additional interactions between viral and cellular molecules seem to be probable. Based on a recombinant genomic EBV plasmid, we deleted the gene that encodes the viral glycoprotein BLLF1. We tested the ability of the viral mutant to infect different lymphoid and epithelial cell lines. Primary human B cells, lymphoid cell lines, and nearly all of the epithelial cell lines that are susceptible to wild-type EBV infection could also be successfully infected with the viral mutant in vitro, although the efficiency of infection with BLLF1-negative virus was clearly lower than the one observed with wild-type EBV. Our studies show that the interaction between BLLF1 and CD21 is not absolutely required for the infection of lymphocytes and epithelial cells, indicating that viral molecules other than BLLF1 can mediate the binding of EBV to its target cells. In this context, our results further suggest the hypothesis that additional cellular molecules, apart from CD21, allow virus entry into these cells.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infectious Epstein-Barr Virus Lacking Major Glycoprotein BLLF1 (gp350/220) Demonstrates the Existence of Additional Viral Ligands

Janz

Oezel

Kurzeder³

et al. 2000

J Virol

147

134

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Young et al identified a cell surface protein sharing an epitope with the C3d/EBV receptor molecule, CD21, on the nasopharyngeal epithelial cells of humans. 20,21) The replication of EBV in oropharyngeal epithelial cells was reported by Sixbey et al 22) These findings may indicate that some factors assist the development of carcinomas from EBV-infected epithelial cells in the nasopharynx.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Site‐specific Localization of Epstein‐Barr Virus in Pharyngeal Carcinomas

Kojya¹,

Itokazu²,

Noda³

et al. 1998

Japanese Journal of Cancer Research

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In this study, the correlations of factors with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-association were investigated in 50 patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), 61 with oropharyngeal carcinoma (OPC), and 55 with hypopharyngeal carcinoma (HPC) in Okinawa and Osaka prefectures in Japan. The incidence of pharyngeal carcinoma in Okinawa was previously found to be higher than that in Osaka; the incidence of OPC was approximately 6 times higher and that of HPC was two times higher. The EBV genome was detected in the tumor cells of the present patients; 83% of the Okinawa and 92% of the Osaka NPC patients. The EBV genome was not detected in OPC or HPC. A univariate analysis showed that sex, the location of the tumor, histology, and the degree of lymphocytic infiltration correlated with the EBV-positive rate. A multivariate analysis revealed that only the location of the tumor was independently correlated with the EBV-positive rate. Histology and tumor size were factors affecting the prognosis of the patients with NPC. The NPC of poorly differentiated type frequently showed the EBV genome, and NPC with lymphocytic infiltration showed a more favorable prognosis compared to the other NPC types. These findings suggest that latent genes of EBV expressed in cancer cells might trigger a cytotoxic T cell reaction against the cancer. Key words: Epstein-Barr virus -Pharyngeal carcinoma -EpidemiologyEpstein-Barr virus (EBV), a herpesvirus which can infect lymphocytes, was originally discovered in cultured lymphoblasts from the African type of Burkitt's lymphoma in 1964.1) An oncogenic role of EBV in the development of B cell lymphoma and nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) was subsequently suggested.2) Recent studies have shown the presence of EBV sequences in carcinoma cells of thymic, 3) gastric, 4) salivary gland, 5,6) and lung cancers. 7)The pharyngeal space is divided into three parts; the nasopharynx, oropharynx, and hypopharynx. The nasopharynx is covered with pseudostratified respiratory epithelium, and the oropharynx and hypopharynx are covered with stratified squamous epithelium. The naso-and oropharynxes have well-developed lymphoid tissue, i.e., Waldeyer's ring, whereas the hypopharynx is devoid of lymphoid tissue. The association of EBV with NPC is well-known, and it has been reported that EBV-associated NPC usually have poorly differentiated morphology accompanied by severe lymphoid cell infiltration, forming a lymphoepitheliomatous lesion. It is not yet evident whether oropharyngeal and hypopharyngeal carcinomas (OPC and HPC), especially those of the poorly differentiated type, are EBV-associated.We recently reported a much higher frequency of sinonasal lymphoma in Okinawa prefecture compared to Osaka in Japan, and we showed that the majority of these lymphomas were associated with EBV.8) The incidence of pharyngeal carcinoma in Okinawa was also found to be higher than that in Osaka; the incidence of OPC is approximately 6 times higher and that of HPC is two times higher in Okinawa. 9) In the present study, we investigated wh...

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“…The EBV is transmitted mainly through the saliva 13 . It is not only lymphocytotrophic but also epitheliotrophic, and can cause pharyngeal mucosal lesions including OHL and nasopharyngeal carcinoma 3 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral Hairy Leukoplakia Which Occurred as a Presenting Sign of Acute Myeloid Leukemia in a Child

et al. 2010

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Oral hairy leukoplakia (OHL) is caused by the reactivation of a previous Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection in the epithelium of the tongue. Most lesions are characterized by corrugated whitish patches on the lateral border of the tongue. It is frequently associated with AIDS, but cases in patients with other immunosuppressed states have also been reported. In leukemia patients, OHL is rarely encountered, and appears only after chemotherapy. We report a case of OHL which occurred as a presenting sign of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in a previously healthy 15-year-old child. A 15-year-old boy presented with a whitish patch on the left lateral border of the tongue. The biopsy specimen revealed papillomatosis, hyperkeratosis, acanthosis and ballooning degeneration in the stratum spinosum. The patient was EBV seropositive, and PCR analysis of EBV DNA in the lesional tissue was positive. After the diagnosis of OHL in dermatologic department, the patient was referred to pediatrics due to the abnormal peripheral blood smear, and was diagnosed with AML. (Ann Dermatol 22(1) 73∼76, 2010)

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Epstein-Barr Virus Receptors on Human Pharyngeal Epithelia

Cited by 168 publications

References 14 publications

Infectious Epstein-Barr Virus Lacking Major Glycoprotein BLLF1 (gp350/220) Demonstrates the Existence of Additional Viral Ligands

Infectious Epstein-Barr Virus Lacking Major Glycoprotein BLLF1 (gp350/220) Demonstrates the Existence of Additional Viral Ligands

Site‐specific Localization of Epstein‐Barr Virus in Pharyngeal Carcinomas

Oral Hairy Leukoplakia Which Occurred as a Presenting Sign of Acute Myeloid Leukemia in a Child

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