Epidemiology and susceptibility of pathogenic bacteria responsible for upper respiratory tract infections in pet rabbits

Rougier, Sandrine; Galland, Delphine; Boucher, Samuel; Boussarie, Didier; Vallé, Michel

doi:10.1016/j.vetmic.2006.02.003

Cited by 66 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Clinical signs include nasal discharge and sneezing. The agent most commonly implicated in these symptoms is Pasteurella multocida (Langan et al, 2000, Rougier et al, 2006. However, other pathogens are also cited, such as Bordetella bronchiseptica and Staphylococcus sp., although apparently this is not an exhaustive list.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Tunisian traditional rabbit breeding system versus the commercial system: an epidemiological perspective

Belli¹,

Fontana²,

Sommariva³

et al. 2010

World rabbit sci.

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Rabbit breeding is practiced in many hot climate countries and contributes in terms of agricultural activities to rural development. In Tunisia two different rabbit breeding systems can be identified -the "traditional" (an integrated free range and underground system) and the "commercial" (employing sheds and wire net cages) practice. 24 Tunisian rabbitries (10 traditional and 14 commercial) were included in an epidemiological study aimed at comparing the prevalence of pathogenic bacteria responsible for upper respiratory and digestive diseases in the two breeding systems. A total of 128 adult rabbits (mean age of 9.4 months) were tested using deep nasal and rectal swabs. Symptoms of nasal discharge and/or diarrhea were recorded. 281 bacterial strains were isolated in total, 138 in commercial and 143 in traditional farms. The bacteria most frequently isolated (61.2%) were Gram-positive strains, which included Streptococcus sp. (22.8%), coagulase negative Staphylococcus sp. (17.8%) and coagulase-positive Staphylococcus (17.4%) strains. Among the Gram-negative isolated bacteria, Escherichia coli was the most frequent (12.5%), followed by Proteus sp. (5.7%). The two Salmonella strains isolated were Salmonella bongori (found in the commercial system), and Salmonella typhimurium definitive phage-type (DT) 104 (found in the traditional farming system). The absence of Pasteurella multocida in the list of isolated bacteria may be directly correlated to the method of conserving the samples (storage at freezing temperature). The coagulase-positive Staphylococcus strains were frequently isolated (73.5%) from healthy rabbits, but seldom from rabbits with rhinitis (18.4%) or diarrhea (8.2%). Staphylococcus aureus strains were recovered at a higher rate in commercial farms (21%) in comparison with traditional (11.9%) farms. However, this difference was not statistically significant. Four Staphylococcus aureus strains, all belonging to commercial farms, proved positive when tested for enterotoxin production. The antimicrobial susceptibility of isolated Staphylococcus aureus strains was also investigated. Most of the antibiotics tested were very effective: the highest level of susceptibility was observed with enrofloxacin (100%). The low performance of Tunisian traditional rabbit rearing has been linked to the high mortality rate, which may possibly be due to the increased presence of pathogens at the rabbit flock level. However, this was not confirmed by the results of our study due to the fact that the bacterial contamination seems to be comparable in both the traditional and the commercial breeding systems.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Tunisian traditional rabbit breeding system versus the commercial system: an epidemiological perspective

Belli¹,

Fontana²,

Sommariva³

et al. 2010

World rabbit sci.

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“…Marbofloxacin was shown to be the most effective agent against bacterial strains isolated from rabbits diagnosed with upper respiratory tract disease when compared with enrofloxacin, danofloxacin, oxytetracycline, or doxycycline. 13 The pharmacokinetics of marbofloxacin has been studied in many species, but few reports are available on its disposition in rabbits. [14][15][16] Interestingly, the terminal half-life of marbofloxacin was shorter when administered SC compared with either the intramuscular or the intravenous (IV) route, 16 although a very high bioavailability was identified for marbofloxacin when administered through the intramuscular and SC routes.…”

Section: Antibacterial Agents _____________________ Marbofloxacinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in Exotic Mammal Clinical Therapeutics

Hawkins

2014

Journal of Exotic Pet Medicine

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“…It inhibits bacterial DNA gyrase enzyme which is responsible for supercoiling of DNA within the cells [6]. In fact, marbofloxacin was shown to be the most effective drug against bacterial strains isolated from rabbits infected with upper respiratory tract diseases compared to doxycycline, enrofloxacin, danofloxacin and tetracycline [7]. Quinolone residues in food obtained from animal origin decreased its effectiveness in human treatment due to its emergence of drug-resistant bacteria [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of Marbofloxacin residues in Rabbit Tissues by HPLC

Aziz

El‐Nabtity

Barawy³

et al. 2017

Zagazig Veterinary Journal

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The present study was designed to evaluate marbofloxacin residues in different rabbit tissues after multiple intramuscular administrations. For that purpose, rabbits were divided into two groups; the first group (n=21) administered 2mg/kg marbofloxacin for five successive days, while the second group (n=3) were untreated and served as controls. th and 21 st day after the last dose post administration of the drug. Liver, kidneys, pectoral muscle and thigh muscles, spleen, heart, blood and lung from each rabbit were taken, extracted and marbofloxacin residues were analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatographic method with ultraviolet detection. Results indicated a widespread distribution of marbofloxacin in the most tested tissues. It remained within detectable level till the 5 th day in liver and serum while it continues till the 7 th in kidneys day following the last dose. Therefore, muscles of rabbits treated with marbofloxacin could be consumed safely following the 1 st day post treatment, while liver and kidneys could be consumed safely in the 3 rd day after treatment without any hazards on consumers as the residual level below the recommended MRL (150µg/kg).

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Epidemiology and susceptibility of pathogenic bacteria responsible for upper respiratory tract infections in pet rabbits

Cited by 66 publications

References 13 publications

The Tunisian traditional rabbit breeding system versus the commercial system: an epidemiological perspective

The Tunisian traditional rabbit breeding system versus the commercial system: an epidemiological perspective

Advances in Exotic Mammal Clinical Therapeutics

Determination of Marbofloxacin residues in Rabbit Tissues by HPLC

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