Epidemiological Surveillance of Congenital Syphilis in Spain, 2000–2010

Ortiz-Lopez, Natalia; Díez, Mercedes; Díaz, Ómar Huertas; Simón, F; Díaz, Asunción

doi:10.1097/inf.0b013e31825d3152

Cited by 22 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Although most infected neonates will develop symptoms by 2 to 8 weeks of life, if left unrecognized, stigmata of infection can develop later in life. [26][27][28][29] CS is divided into early (<2 years of life) and late disease (≥2 years of life). Findings of early CS include hepatosplenomegaly, lymphadenopathy, mucocutaneous lesions, osteochondritis, pseudoparalysis, edema, rash, hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, rhinitis, or "snuffles."…”

Section: F I G U R E 4 Ultrasound Findings Of Fetal Syphilis A-e a mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…41 Similar to adults, the majority of neonates with CS will be asymptomatic. [26][27][28][29] As However, diagnostic sensitivity of IgM platforms range from 83% to 100% in symptomatic newborns and are much less in asymptomatic newborns. 43 Since the majority of neonates with CS will be asymptomatic, IgM has limited efficacy in the majority of cases.…”

Section: Neonatal Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Congenital syphilis: A contemporary update on an ancient disease

2020

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Congenital syphilis (CS) rates reached a 20-year high in the United States in 2018. Unlike previous years, most babies diagnosed with CS were born to mothers who received prenatal care, indicative of the need for better provider education and guideline adherence. Current rates suggest that screening for syphilis should be performed at the first prenatal care visit and twice during the third trimester. There are two diagnostic algorithms available for use in the United States (traditional and reverse) and providers must understand how to perform each algorithm. Treatment should be administered according to stage of syphilis per Centers for Disease Control recommendations with best neonatal outcomes seen when treatment is initiated >30 days before delivery. Benzathine Penicillin G remains the only recommended treatment of syphilis during pregnancy. In viable pregnancies, a pretreatment ultrasound is recommended to identify sonographic evidence of fetal infection and treatment should be initiated with continuous fetal monitoring to evaluate for the Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction which can cause preterm labor and fetal distress. After adequate syphilotherapy, a fourfold decline in maternal nontreponemal titers may not be observed by delivery and does not correlate with rates of CS.

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Section: F I G U R E 4 Ultrasound Findings Of Fetal Syphilis A-e a mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Neonatal Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Congenital syphilis: A contemporary update on an ancient disease

2020

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“…3 The diagnosis of congenital syphilis is complicated by the fact that more than two-thirds of neonates are asymptomatic at birth and treatment delay can lead to permanent damage and disability. 4 Because of this, congenital syphilis is diagnosed presumptively based on the mother's reactive non-treponemal titer, reactive treponemal (confirmatory) testing and lack of adequate treatment with a penicillin regimen more than 4 weeks prior to delivery as defined by the Center for Disease Control Sexually Transmitted Diseases (CDC STD) guidelines. 5 …”

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confidence: 99%

Syphilis in HIV-infected Mothers and Infants

Yeganeh

Watts

Camarca

et al. 2015

Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal

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Background Untreated syphilis during pregnancy is associated with spontaneous abortion, stillbirth, prematurity and infant mortality. Syphilis may facilitate HIV transmission, which is especially concerning in low and middle income countries where both diseases are common. Methods We performed an analysis of data available from NICHD/HPTN 040 (P1043), a study focused on the prevention of intrapartum HIV transmission to 1684 infants born to 1664 untreated HIV-infected women. The present analysis evaluates risk factors and outcomes associated with a syphilis diagnosis in this cohort of HIV-infected women and their infants. Results Approximately 10% (n=171) of women enrolled had serological evidence of syphilis without adequate treatment documented and 1.4% (n=24) infants were dually HIV and syphilis infected. Multivariate logistic analysis showed that compared to HIV-infected women, co-infected women were significantly more likely to self-identify as non-white (AOR 2.5, 95% CI 1.5-4.2), to consume alcohol during pregnancy (AOR 1.5, 95% CI 1.1-2.1) and to transmit HIV to their infants (AOR 2.1, 95% CI 1.3-3.4), with 88% of HIV infections being acquired in-utero. As compared to HIV infected or HIV exposed infants, co-infected infants were significantly more likely to be born to mothers with VDRL titers ≥1:16 (AOR 3, 95% CI 1.1-8.2) and higher viral loads (AOR 1.5 95% CI 1.1-1.9). Of 6 newborns with symptomatic syphilis, 2 expired shortly after birth, and 2 were HIV-infected. Conclusion Syphilis continues to be a common co-infection in HIV-infected women and can facilitate in utero transmission of HIV to infants. Most infants are asymptomatic at birth, but those with symptoms have high mortality rates.

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“…Ao longo da análise de 29 . O aumento da Sífilis Congênita detectado no presente estudo pode ser resultado da melhoria da notificação de casos ao longo dos 12 anos, devido à utilização do teste-rápido, aos avanços da vigilância epidemiológica, à capacitação dos profissionais da saúde e à ampliação da cobertura do pré-natal em decorrência da implantação das equipes da Estratégia Saúde da Família (ESF) 3,37 .…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

Tendência temporal e distribuição espacial da sífilis congênita no estado do Rio Grande do Sul entre 2001 e 2012

Teixeira

Belarmino

Gonçalves

et al. 2018

Ciênc. saúde coletiva

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The scope of the study was to evaluate the temporal trend and spatial distribution of congenital syphilis (CS) in the state of Rio Grande do Sul. All cases reported by the SINASC/DATASUS between 2001 and 2012 were included. The number of live births was obtained from DATASUS. Incidence rates of CS were grouped according to micro-regions of IBGE and analyzed for the entire period and for triennia. The spatial correlation was analyzed by the global Moran index (I) and the local index. 3,613 cases were reported. Between 2007 and 2012 89 neonates (3.6%) died. Rates varied from to 1.03 in 2001 to 5.1 cases per 1000 live births in 2012, with an annual increase of 0.84 cases per 1000 live births (p < 0.01) and 93.88% of explained variance. The micro-regions were spatially independent (I = 0.06; p = 0.25), with Porto Alegre having the highest incidence (4.19 cases / 1000 live births) and Jaguarão the lowest (0.23 cases / 1000 live births). Micro-regions with significant local spatial dependence were observed. The increase in cases of CS highlights poor prenatal quality care. Identification of the micro-regions with the highest incidence is essential to focus public policy on this health problem.

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Epidemiological Surveillance of Congenital Syphilis in Spain, 2000–2010

Cited by 22 publications

References 12 publications

Congenital syphilis: A contemporary update on an ancient disease

Congenital syphilis: A contemporary update on an ancient disease

Syphilis in HIV-infected Mothers and Infants

Tendência temporal e distribuição espacial da sífilis congênita no estado do Rio Grande do Sul entre 2001 e 2012

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