Epidemiological and Serological Aspects in Canine Toxoplasmosis in Animals with Nervous Symptoms

Brito, Adriana Falco de; Souza, Luiz Carlos de; Silva, Aristeu Vieira da; Langoni, Hélio

doi:10.1590/s0074-02762002000100003

Cited by 22 publications

(29 citation statements)

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“…In the present study, 25.4% of the tested samples were positive by IFAT and were within the State range from 19.7 to 33.1% (Brito et al 2002, Souza et al 2003, Langoni et al 2006) and the national range from 8.2 to 88.5% (Silva et al 1997, Souza et al 2003, Cañón-Franco et al 2004, Azevedo et al 2005, Romanelli et al 2007, Figueredo et al 2008, Da Silva et al 2009, Santos et al 2009 (Silva et al 1997, Brito et al 2002, Azevedo et al 2005, Langoni et al 2006, Dubey et al 2007b,c, Öncel et al 2007, Romanelli et al 2007, Da Silva et al 2009, Santos et al 2009). On the other hand, Cañón-Franco et al (2004) observed that most of the 76.4% seropositive dogs did not have low titers, ranging from 128 to 2048, which may indicate active infection.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

“…The same was observed by Öncel et al (2007) in dogs of defined breed (35.3%; CI95% 21.5-52.2%). Langoni et al (2006) verified that 35.9% of the reagents had non-defined breed, which is justifiable as they have predatory habits, whereas Brito et al (2002) noticed that 48.7% reagents were ≤ 1 year old. Titer distribution was uniform concerning sex, untreated water and homemade food ingestion.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Man and animals become infected by ingesting raw or poorly cooked meat containing tissue cysts (Dubey & Beattie 1988) and by ingesting oocysts present in contaminated feces of cats (definitive hosts) (Frenkel & Parker 1996, Lindsay et al 1997, Clementino et al 2007). Thus, dogs are epidemiologically important since they act as sentinels of the infection to men, mainly errant animals or those with free access to other uncontrolled places preying on birds and rodents (Kawasoe 2000, Brito et al 2002, Azevedo et al 2005, Sedlak & Bartova 2006. Besides, dogs are good indicators of domestic environmental contamination, but in many parts of the world, including Brazil, dogs play a secondary role in T. gondii transmission because they are not food source for humans.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Risk factors and presence of antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii in dogs from the coast of São Paulo State, Brazil

et al. 2010

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RESUMO.-[Fatores de risco e presença de anticorpos para Toxoplasma gondii em cães do litoral do Estado de São Paulo.] A toxoplasmose é causada por um protozoário parasita intracelular obrigatório, Toxoplasma gondii, e acomete vertebrados homeotérmicos incluindo animais de companhia e o homem. O cão apresenta importância epidemiológica por atuar como sentinela da infecção para o homem. O presente estudo objetivou determinar a ocorrência de anticorpos para T. gondii em 205 amostras de soro de cães do município de Ubatuba, SP, Brasil, pela reação de imunofluorescência indireta (RIFI), assim como os fatores de risco relacionados à infecção nos animais, como raça, idade, sexo, acesso a rua, ingestão de comida caseira, acesso a água não tratada e presença de roedores. 52/205 (25,4%) Toxoplasmosis is caused by the obligate intracellular protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii and affects warm-blooded vertebrates, including pets and man. Dogs are epidemiologically important since they act as sentinels for the infection in humans. The present study aimed to determine the presence of antibodies to T. gondii in 205 serum samples from dogs in Ubatuba, Sao Paulo state, Brazil, through indirect immunofluorescence reaction (IFAT), as well as the risk factors related to toxoplasmosis in the animals such as breed, age, sex, access to outdoors, homemade food ingestion, access to untreated water, and contact with rodents. Toxoplasmosis-positive samples accounted for 52/205 (25.4%), with titers ranging from 16 to 256. The serological results presented significant association (P<0.05) with homemade food ingestion (45/118; 38.1%; CI95% 29.9%-47.2%) (OR=7.0; CI95% 3.0-16.6), and with access to outdoors where those that do not have access to the street were prevalent (37/121; 30.6%; CI95% 23.1%-39.3%) (OR=0.5; CI95% 0.2-1.0). These results show that toxoplasmosis in this region is related to problems of sanitary education, mainly concerning the appropriate cooking of foods, since most positive animals did not show significant association with the presence of rodents or untreated water consumption but showed, instead association with ingestion of homemade food. Thus, toxoplasmosis is a public health problem in the studied region, and sanitary measures are needed to control the infection due to the strict relationship between man and dog and the presented risk factors. e acesso a rua, em que aqueles que não tinham acesso a rua foram prevalentes (37/121; 30,6%; IC95% 23,1%-39,3%) (OR=0,5; CI95% 0,2-1,0). Estes resultados demonstram que a toxoplasmose na região está relacionada com problema de educação sanitária, principalmente quanto ao adequado cozimento dos alimentos, visto que a maioria dos animais positivos não apresentou associação significativa com presença de roedores ou consumo de água não tratada, porém os mesmos permaneciam em casa aos quais fora oferecida comida caseira. Portanto, a toxoplasmose consiste em um problema de saúde pública na região estudada, sendo necessárias medidas sanitári-as para o controle da infecção, visto a...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Risk factors and presence of antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii in dogs from the coast of São Paulo State, Brazil

et al. 2010

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“…These infections affect several species of mammals and birds and are found on all continents (DUBEY, 2004;FIALHO et al, 2009). In Brazil, serological studies show a high prevalence of this disease in the canine populations in the states of Mato Grosso (SANTOS et al, 2009), Paraná (GIRALDI et al, 2002, Pará (VALADAS et al, 2010), Paraíba (AZEVEDO et al, 2005), and São Paulo (BRITO et al, 2002). Infection rates vary by state, measured at 88.5%, 82.5%, 69.9%, 45.1%, 32.5% of the populations, respectively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical, pathological, and immunohistochemistry characterization of toxoplasmosis in dogs with distemper in the semiarid region of Paraíba, Brazil

Frade

Maia

Andrade

et al. 2015

SCA

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The objective of this study was to describe the clinical, pathological, and immunohistochemistry characteristics of five cases of toxoplasmosis, an infection often associated with distemper in dogs. From January 2000 to December 2012, a retrospective study was performed analyzed dogs with distemper in the semiarid region of Paraíba. We evaluated this sample to focus on individuals who presented with concomitant structures in protozoa characteristics, and performed immunohistochemistry (IHC) tests using polyclonal anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibody. In all cases, the clinical signs were similar including digestive changes, as well as respiratory, neurological, and ocular lesions, suggesting an infection of canine distemper virus. The diagnosis of distemper was confirmed on histopathological analysis depending on the presence of intranuclear and intracytoplasmic eosinophilic inclusion bodies in different tissues. Histopathological examination also revealed the characteristic presence of parasitic cysts T. gondii in the brain in four cases, and in the lung in one case. The brain cysts were associated with multifocal areas of malacia and lung there was alveolar septa thickening due to infiltration of macrophages, lymphocytes, and plasma cells, with moderate proliferation of type II pneumocytes and coalescing multifocal areas of necrosis. These cysts are characterized by round and strongly basophilic structures, measuring approximately 5 to 70 µm, delimited by thin wall, stained by hematoxylin and eosin, and immunomarked as brown by immunohistochemistry (IHC) using the chromogen DAB. The diagnosis of toxoplasmosis associated with infection by canine distemper virus in the five case studied was based on microscopic findings and confirmed by immunohistochemistry. Toxoplasmosis should be included in the differential diagnosis of dogs with severe progressive systemic signs, especially when respiratory and neurological involvement is suspected. ResumoObjetivou-se com este trabalho descrever as características clínicas, patológicas e imuno-histoquímica de cinco casos de toxoplasmose associados à cinomose em cães no semiárido da Paraíba. Para isso, foi realizado um estudo retrospectivo durante o período de janeiro de 2000 a dezembro de 2012, sendo identificados e selecionados os casos de cães com cinomose. Destes, foram avaliados os que apresentavam concomitantemente estruturas características de protozoários e realizada a imunohistoquímica (IHQ) com anticorpo policlonal anti-Toxoplasma gondii. Em todos os casos os sinais clínicos foram semelhantes e sugestivos de infecção pelo vírus da cinomose canina, variando de alterações digestivas, respiratórias, neurológicas e lesões oculares. O diagnóstico de cinomose foi confirmado na histopatologia através da presença de corpúsculos de inclusões virais eosinofílicos intranucleares e intracitoplasmáticos em diferentes tecidos. O exame histopatológico revelou ainda a presença dos cistos parasitários característicos de T. gondii no encéfalo em quatro casos e no pulmão em um cas...

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“…In dogs, this infirmity was first described by MELLO (1910). Since then, toxoplasmosis has been reported in dogs in several countries (SILVA et al, 2002); however, literature regarding clinical and histopathological alterations in canines affected by this zoonosis remains scarce (BRITO et al, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Histopathological analysis of the reproductive system of male dogs experimentally infected with Toxoplasma gondii

et al. 2009

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Epidemiological and Serological Aspects in Canine Toxoplasmosis in Animals with Nervous Symptoms

Cited by 22 publications

References 8 publications

Risk factors and presence of antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii in dogs from the coast of São Paulo State, Brazil

Risk factors and presence of antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii in dogs from the coast of São Paulo State, Brazil

Clinical, pathological, and immunohistochemistry characterization of toxoplasmosis in dogs with distemper in the semiarid region of Paraíba, Brazil

Histopathological analysis of the reproductive system of male dogs experimentally infected with Toxoplasma gondii

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