Epidemiological and Clinical Characteristics of Deceased COVID-19 Patients

Badedi, Mohammed; Darraj, Hussain; Alnami, Awaji; Makrami, Ali; Mahfouz, Mohamed Salih; Alhazmi, Khalid; Mahmoud, Nahid; Mosa, Halimh

doi:10.2147/ijgm.s320713

Cited by 16 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 37 publications

(57 reference statements)

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“…[7][8][9] In the present study, most hospitalized COVID-19 patients with ESKD were aged ≥ 65 years and had two or more pre-existing comorbidities, such as hypertension, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease, which are common in patients with ESKD and are associated with increased disease severity and mortality risk. 4,5,15 We found that the mortality risk in COVID-19 patients with ESKD and cardiovascular disease was fourfold higher than that in the others. These results are consistent with those of a previous study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

“…In terms of disease severity, the most common factors associated with poor prognosis include advanced age and the presence of pre-existing comorbidities, such as chronic kidney disease. 4 , 5 While acute respiratory failure due to diffuse alveolar damage is the main clinical characteristic of COVID-19, the kidneys are one of the most common extrapulmonary targets of the virus. 6 In line with this information, a previous study revealed that the mortality risk in patients with kidney disease was more than threefold higher than that in others.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Clinical Characteristics and Early Outcomes of Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients with End-Stage Kidney Disease in Saudi Arabia

Hakami¹,

Badedi²,

Elsiddig³

et al. 2021

IJGM

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Background The prognosis of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) may be poor in patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). Limited information is available on the clinical characteristics and outcomes of such patients in Arab countries. The present study aimed to address this gap. Methods This retrospective cohort study included 101 patients with ESKD who were hospitalized for COVID-19 between May 1, 2020 and December 31, 2020 at King Fahad Central Hospital (single center), Jazan Province, Saudi Arabia. Chi-square test, independent samples t -test, Mann–Whitney U -test, and Cox regression were performed in the statistical analysis. Results Of the 101 hospitalized COVID-19 patients with ESKD, 20 patients died (19.8%). Patients aged ≥ 65 years had a significant mortality risk. Mortality was higher in male patients (70%) than in female patients (30%). The most common comorbidities were hypertension (88%), diabetes mellitus (47%), and heart disease (17%). The presence of diabetes and cardiovascular diseases along with ESKD increased the mortality risk [relative risk (RR) = 6.5 and RR = 3.8, respectively]. The most frequently reported clinical symptoms were fever (50%), shortness of breath (41%), and cough (35%). In total, 17% of the patients were admitted to the intensive care unit and required mechanical ventilation. Most patients had bilateral lung infiltrates (88%). Hemoglobin levels and platelet counts were significantly lower in the deceased patients than in the surviving ones. Moreover, compared with the surviving patients, higher degree of lymphocytopenia, neutrophilia, ferritin, D-dimer, blood urea nitrogen, and aspartate transaminase were detected in the deceased patients. Septic shock (20%) and respiratory failure (19%) were the most prevalent complications resulting in death. Conclusion COVID-19 patients with ESKD have an increased risk of poor outcomes and mortality. The mortality risk increases with an increase in age and the presence of other comorbidities, such as diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Elevated levels of inflammatory markers correlate with disease severity and are associated with in-hospital mortality in this population.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Characteristics and Early Outcomes of Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients with End-Stage Kidney Disease in Saudi Arabia

Hakami¹,

Badedi²,

Elsiddig³

et al. 2021

IJGM

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“…These findings correlate with the increase in disease severity reported in a previous study. [ 30 ] In other research, an elevation in serum lactate dehydrogenase levels was used as a marker of disease severity and the development of pulmonary fibrosis after acute lung injury, suggestive of the destruction of pulmonary tissue, and a correlation with increased mortality risk. [ 22 ]…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical characteristics and outcomes of post-COVID-19 pulmonary fibrosis

et al. 2022

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The development of pulmonary fibrosis is a rare complication of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Limited information is available in the literature about that, and the present study aimed to address this gap. This case-control study included 64 patients with post-COVID-19 pulmonary fibrosis who were hospitalized for COVID-19. The percentage of patients aged ≥65 years (44%) who demised was higher than those who survived (25%). Male patients (62%) had higher mortality than female patients (37%). The most frequently reported clinical symptoms were shortness of breath (98%), cough (91%), and fever (70%). Most COVID-19 patients with pulmonary fibrosis (81%) were admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU), and 63% required mechanical ventilation. Bilateral lung infiltrates (94%), “ground glass” opacity (91%), “honeycomb” lung (25%), and pulmonary consolidation (9%) were commonly identified in COVID-19 patients with pulmonary fibrosis who survived. The findings for computed tomography and dyspnea scale were significantly higher in severe cases admitted to the ICU who required mechanical ventilation. A higher computerized tomography score also correlated significantly with a longer duration of stay in hospital and a higher degree of dyspnea. Half of the COVID-19 patients with pulmonary fibrosis (50%) who survived required oxygen therapy, and those with “honeycomb” lung required long-term oxygen therapy to a far greater extent than others. Cox regression revealed that smoking and asthma were significantly associated with ICU admission and the risk of mortality. Post-COVID-19 pulmonary fibrosis is a severe complication that leads to permanent lung damage or death.

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“…Dyspnea was the most common presenting complaint in the present study which is consistent with the finding of other studies. 10 , 11 Approximately 73.6% of the patients complained of dyspnea at the time of presentation, and 78.3% of the patients were in a dire need of an ICU admission.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Descriptive Epidemiology of COVID-19 Deaths during the First Wave of Pandemic in India: A Single-center Experience

Tendulkar¹,

Pandey²,

Panda³

et al. 2022

Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine

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A bstract Background With the looming threat of recurrent waves of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) in the presence of mutated strains, it is of paramount importance to understand the demographic and clinical attributes of COVID-19 related mortalities in each pandemic wave. This could help policy makers, public health experts, and clinicians to better plan preventive and management strategies to curb COVID-19 related mortality. Materials and methods This was a hospital record-based, retrospective cross-sectional descriptive study, at a tertiary care hospital in Rishikesh, India. The study included all deceased patients between March 2020 and January 2021 (first wave) who had tested positive for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and were hospitalized. The study was done to describe demography, clinical presentation, laboratory parameters, treatment given, and associated complications of all COVID-19 deaths. Result Out of 424 mortalities, 298 (70.38%) were males and 126 (29.62%) were females. Mean age of patients was 55.85 ± 16.24 years, out of which 19.5% were less than 45 years old, 33.6% were 45–60 years old, and 41.8% were more than 60 years old. Comorbidity in the form of type II diabetes mellitus was present in 41.4% [95% CI (41.4–51.1)], hypertension in 39.8% [95% CI (35.1–44.6)], and coronary artery disease (CAD) in 15.2% [95% CI (11.8–18.8)]. At the time of presentation, shortness of breath was present in 73.6% [95% CI (69.1–77.7)], fever in 64.92% [95% CI (60.1–69.4)], and cough in 46.1%, [95% CI (41.1–50.8)]. Deranged laboratory parameters were lymphopenia in 90.2% [95% CI (86.8–92.7)], transaminitis in 59.7% [95% CI (54.8–64.3)], and hypercreatinemia in 37.7% [95% CI (33.1–42.5)]. Complications manifested were acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in 78.3% [95% CI (74–82.1)] and shock in 54.7% [95% CI (49.8–59.5)]. Median time duration between onset of symptom and hospital admission was 5 days (interquartile range (IQR) = 3–5 days) and median length of hospital stay was 9 days (IQR = 4–14 days). Conclusion During the first pandemic wave, COVID-19 related mortality was 2.37 times higher among males, 2.14 times in the age group >60 than <45 years. The most common associated comorbidities (>40%) were type II diabetes mellitus and hypertension. The most common associated symptoms (>60%) were shortness of breath and fever. Lymphopenia was seen in >90% cases while liver involvement in 60% and kidney in 38% cases. Median hospital stay was doubled the prehospital illness. How to cite this article Tendulkar P, Pandey P, Panda PK, Bhadoria AS, Kulshreshtha P. Descriptive Epidemiology of COVID-19 Deaths during the First Wave of Pandemic in India: A Single-center Experience. Indian J Crit Care Med 2022;26(1):71–75.

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Epidemiological and Clinical Characteristics of Deceased COVID-19 Patients

Cited by 16 publications

References 37 publications

Clinical Characteristics and Early Outcomes of Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients with End-Stage Kidney Disease in Saudi Arabia

Clinical Characteristics and Early Outcomes of Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients with End-Stage Kidney Disease in Saudi Arabia

Clinical characteristics and outcomes of post-COVID-19 pulmonary fibrosis

Descriptive Epidemiology of COVID-19 Deaths during the First Wave of Pandemic in India: A Single-center Experience

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