EPA Update/Status of Source Water Protection

Harrigan-Farrelly, Joan

doi:10.1111/j.1745-6592.2002.tb00756.x

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Considering the uncertainty of the health effects of MTBE, continued monitoring of drinking water for MTBE is important. Monitoring for MTBE in ground water should also be continued because public water supply systems that use ground water as a source served more than 100 million people in the United States as of 2001 (Harrigan‐Farrelly 2002). Thus, the potential of human exposure to MTBE from ground water contamination is large.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MTBE and Gasoline Hydrocarbons in Ground Water of the United States

Moran¹,

Zogorski²,

Squillace³

2005

Groundwater

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The occurrence of methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) and gasoline hydrocarbons was examined in three types of studies of ground water conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey: major aquifer surveys, urban land-use studies, and agricultural land-use studies. The detection frequency of MTBE was dependent on the study type, with the highest detection frequency in urban land-use studies. Only 13 ground water samples from all study types, or 0.3%, had concentrations of MTBE that exceeded the lower limit of the U.S. EPA's Drinking-Water Advisory. The detection frequency of MTBE was highest in monitoring wells located in urban areas and in public supply wells. The detection frequency of any gasoline hydrocarbon also was dependent on study type and generally was less than the detection frequency of MTBE. The probability of detecting MTBE in ground water was strongly associated with population density, use of MTBE in gasoline, and recharge. Ground water in areas with high population density, in areas where MTBE is used as a gasoline oxygenate, and in areas with high recharge rates had a greater probability of MTBE occurrence. Also, ground water from public supply wells and shallow ground water underlying urban land-use areas had a greater probability of MTBE occurrence compared to ground water from domestic wells and ground water underlying rural land-use areas. The probability of detecting MTBE in ground water was weakly associated with the density of leaking underground storage tanks, soil permeability, and aquifer consolidation, and only concentrations of MTBE >0.5 microg/L were associated with dissolved oxygen.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MTBE and Gasoline Hydrocarbons in Ground Water of the United States

Moran¹,

Zogorski²,

Squillace³

2005

Groundwater

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“…Amendments to the SDWA in 1996 broadened the scope from monitoring and treatment of contaminated water to the prevention of contamination. Under the framework of the SDWA, source water protection refers to prevention of the pollution of surface and groundwater that serves as sources of drinking water [Harrigan-Farrelly, 2002]. States are required to develop source water assessment plans, which must be approved by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency [Kundell and DeMeo, 2000].…”

Section: Research Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Probing the integration of land use and watershed planning in a shifting governance regime

Plummer

Grosbois

Loë

et al. 2011

Water Resources Research

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[1] Effective governance that contributes to the integration of water management and land use planning is essential for successful protection of drinking water sources and, ultimately, provision of safe drinking water. In many jurisdictions, land use planning and watershed management occur on separate tracks. This article examines the prospects for integration of these two critical processes. A multicase study approach is used, focusing on the specific objective of protection of drinking water sources. Experiences in three case study watershed regions in Ontario, Canada (Grand River, Upper Thames, and Lake Simcoe), were analyzed. The goal was to identify the extent to which source water protection components and indicators are expressed in land use and watershed-based planning documents. Similarities and differences among the watershed regions are distinguished through a cross-case analysis. The results suggest that a shifting governance regime for drinking water safety in Ontario is contributing to integration between land use and water management. However, proactive and ongoing efforts are required to ensure that integration occurs and that barriers to integration are addressed. Timely guidelines, incentive-based tools, up-to-date and accurate information, and adequate financial resources are essential.Citation: Plummer, R., D. de Grosbois, R. de Lo€ e, and J. Velani skis (2011), Probing the integration of land use and watershed planning in a shifting governance regime, Water Resour. Res., 47, W09502,

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“…Rather than relying solely on treating potentially contaminated water at the point of delivery, source-water protection aims to prevent contamination of raw drinking water at the source of supply. Source water protection is well established in the United States due to amendments to the Safe Drinking Water Act (Harrigan-Farrelly 2002). However, progress toward source water protection in Canada has been slow to develop.…”

Section: Connecting Public Health To Drinking Water Qualitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Protecting Drinking Water Sources and Public Health

Patrick¹

2005

hcq

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Microbial agents of waterborne disease include bacteria, viruses and parasites. Microbes in drinking water have caused at least 29 outbreaks in British Columbia over the last 20 years, 17 of which (59%) were caused by protozoan parasites that are resistant to chlorine. Bacteria, viruses and parasites that can cause waterborne disease all share common characteristics. Most have an animal host and can infect humans through drinking water supplies. Human infection by these microorganisms most commonly appears as gastrointestinal illness; however, some can cause systemic disease, such as hepatitis (viruses) and kidney failure (E. coli 0157:H7). Evidence from recent water contamination crises from across Canada suggests that traditional water treatment such as chlorination and filtration may no longer suffice to provide clean water. Source water protection, the first line of defence in the multi-barrier approach to safe drinking water, has rapidly gained favour within the water industry and government regulators. It is now prudent for health professionals to recognize the connection between source water protection and public health.

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EPA Update/Status of Source Water Protection

Cited by 8 publications

References 0 publications

MTBE and Gasoline Hydrocarbons in Ground Water of the United States

MTBE and Gasoline Hydrocarbons in Ground Water of the United States

Probing the integration of land use and watershed planning in a shifting governance regime

Protecting Drinking Water Sources and Public Health

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