Enzyme activities in a clay-loam soil amended with various crop residues

Perucci, P.; Scarponi, Luciano; Businelli, Mario

doi:10.1007/bf02323049

Cited by 31 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 12 publications

(1 reference statement)

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“…En general, se observa que a mayor número de años bajo CL, mayor actividad fosfomonoesterasa ácida, siendo más altos los valores en los primeros 5 cm de suelo, debido al efecto de la cobertura que queda sobre éste luego de la cosecha (Crovetto, 2002). El comportamiento frente a la adición de residuos orgánicos, ha sido discutido por diversos autores; para algunos, la actividad fosfomonoesterasa ácida se incrementa con la adición al suelo de productos orgánicos residuales (Perucci et al, 1984), lo que concuerda con lo obtenidos en este estudio. En cambio, Olander y Vitousek (2000), indican que esta actividad enzimática disminuye si en el suelo hay una mayor disponibilidad de P (retro-inhibición negativa).…”

Section: Resultados Y Discusiónunclassified

Efecto De La Cero Labranza Sobre Algunas Actividades Biológicas en Un Alfisol Del Sur De Chile

et al. 2006

R.C. Suelo Nutr. Veg.

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Section: Resultados Y Discusiónunclassified

Efecto De La Cero Labranza Sobre Algunas Actividades Biológicas en Un Alfisol Del Sur De Chile

et al. 2006

R.C. Suelo Nutr. Veg.

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“…High amounts of clay in the soil, as at the Plenty site, can protect the OM from microbial decomposition (Perucci et al, 1984). This site is also low in SOM compared to Melfort and has a greater capacity to build the TOC pool (Mensah et al, 2003).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Application of Liquid Swine Manure on Soil Organic Carbon and Enzyme Activities in Two Contrasting Saskatchewan Soils

King¹,

Schoenau²,

Malhi³

2014

SAR

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Repeated application of animal manure to agricultural fields as a source of plant nutrients has led to questions concerning the impact of this practice on soil organic carbon (C) and biochemical properties, specifically the activity of soil enzymes. There are also some environmental concerns of using livestock manure. The objectives of this study were to determine the effects of repeated applications of liquid swine manure (LSM) on total organic C (TOC), light fraction organic C (LFOC) and on the activity of the soil enzymes (arylsulfatase, alkaline phosphatase and urease) in two contrasting soil-climatic zones and cropping systems in Saskatchewan. Liquid hog manure was applied annually at 37,000 L ha -1 and 74,000 L ha -1 rates for three years at Melfort (Mollic Cryoboralf) and for four years at Plenty (Typic Boroll) in Saskatchewan, Canada. Soil samples were collected to a depth of 0-15 cm in the spring of 2003 and analyzed for TOC, LFOC and enzyme activities. Annual application (37,000 L ha -1 ) and larger application made every two years (74,000 L ha -1 ) of LSM at Melfort increased LFOC, which was attributed to stimulation of plant growth and thus residue inputs, from the nutrients contained within the manure. Applications of LSM at 37,000 L ha -1 and 74,000 L ha -1 at the Plenty site increased both TOC and LFOC concentration when compared to the control. Soil at the Plenty site is a Typic Boroll of heavy clay texture, which aids in protecting soil organic matter (SOM) from decomposition by soil microorganisms. Melfort was the only site that responded to LSM applications in terms of increased enzyme activity, which may be a result of a shorter application history. The Melfort site also had significantly higher LFOC in the manure treatments compared to the other site and LFOC has been linked to enzyme activity. The results of this study indicate that it may take a long period of time for addition of LSM to produce measurable changes in TOC and LFOC, as the effect from LSM is mainly from the stimulation of plant growth rather than from direct additions of C, and the nutrients contained in the LSM may potentially enhance microbial decomposition. In soils that receive repeated applications of LSM, nutrient loading may contribute to reduced enzyme activity after a period of time.

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“…Perucci et al (1984) showed that crop residues type had a clear influence on enzymatic activity. Bending et al (2002) and Acosta-Martínez et al (2004) also observed that both the quantity and quality of crop residue can affect soil microbial properties.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochemical properties of two different textured soils (loam and clay) after the addition of two different composts during conversion to organic farming

Melero

Madejón

Herencia

et al. 2007

Span. j. agric. res.

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The conversion to organic farming of two soils, a loam (Xerofluvent) under irrigation and a clay (Chromic Haploxerept) under dryland management, was studied through analysis of their biochemical properties. Soil biological status was evaluated by measuring microbial biomass carbon and the ratio of enzymatic activity to microbial biomass. Results were compared to those after application of inorganic fertilizer. At the end of the study, in both soil types the organic treatments had increased the organic matter and nitrogen content compared with the inorganic treatment. Total organic carbon (TOC) values in the clay were higher than in the loam. This could be related to a lower mineralization rate of soil organic matter under dry land management and/or with a protection effect, by the clay on the organic fraction. However, absolute ratios of some enzymatic activities (dehydrogenase, protease and alkaline phosphatase) by microbial biomass carbon in the clay were lower than in the loam indicating a lower rate of enzyme production by microbial biomass in the clay. In the clay soil there was a great increase in TOC, total N, microbial biomass and enzymatic activity, in all treatments, in the last crop cycle. This was mainly related to a previous legume crop. Generally organic management improved biomass and enzymatic activity in both soils. In the future further studies are required to confirm the positive long-term effect of organic fertilization on biochemical properties which maintain or improve soil quality.Additional key words: compost, organic farming, soil enzymatic activity, soil microbial biomass. ResumenPropiedades bioquímicas de dos suelos de diferente textura (franca y arcillosa) tras la adición de dos composts diferentes en el proceso de reconversión a la agricultura ecológica En este trabajo se aborda el estudio de la reconversión a la agricultura ecológica en dos suelos de diferente textura y régimen hídrico, un suelo franco (Xerofluvent) en regadío y un suelo arcilloso (Chromic Haploxerept) en secano. Se compara el manejo ecológico del suelo con respecto a un manejo convencional, desde el punto de vista biológico. Se evaluó el estado biológico del suelo a través del carbono de la biomasa microbiana y el cociente entre las actividades enzimáticas por biomasa microbiana. Se observó un incremento en el contenido de materia orgánica y nitrógeno en los suelos fertilizados orgánicamente de ambos experimentos de reconversión. No obstante, los valores más altos de los contenidos de carbono orgánico total se encontraron en el suelo arcilloso. Estos resultados pueden estar relacionados con la menor tasa de mineralización debido a baja humedad de este suelo y/o al mayor contenido en arcilla que tiene un efecto protector en la fracción orgánica. Las razones de las actividades enzimáticas (deshidrogenasa, proteasa y fosfatasa alcalina) por biomasa microbiana en el suelo arcilloso fueron más bajas que en el suelo franco, reflejando una menor síntesis de enzimas por los microorganismos en el suelo arcilloso. En...

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Enzyme activities in a clay-loam soil amended with various crop residues

Cited by 31 publications

References 12 publications

Efecto De La Cero Labranza Sobre Algunas Actividades Biológicas en Un Alfisol Del Sur De Chile

Efecto De La Cero Labranza Sobre Algunas Actividades Biológicas en Un Alfisol Del Sur De Chile

Effect of Application of Liquid Swine Manure on Soil Organic Carbon and Enzyme Activities in Two Contrasting Saskatchewan Soils

Biochemical properties of two different textured soils (loam and clay) after the addition of two different composts during conversion to organic farming

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