Enzymatically modified ion-selective electrodes for flow injection analysis

Metalloporphyrin-based acetate-selective electrodes as detectors for enzymatic acetylcholine determination in flow-injection analysis system

“…The ionophores dichloro(5,10,15,20-tetraphenylporphyrinato) zirconium(IV) (Zr(IV)[TPP]Cl 2 ) and dichloro [5,10,15,20-tetra(tertbutylphenyl)porphyrinato]zirconium(IV) (Zr(IV)[tTPP]Cl 2 ) were synthesized via a metallation of the corresponding free porphyrin (Porphyrin Products, Logan, UT) using ZrCl 4 (THF) complex (Fluka, Ronkonkoma, NY) [23]. Structures of these ionophores are shown in Fig.…”

“…Most popular potentiometric detectors in FIA systems are electrodes selective towards ammonium ions (based on nonactin as an ionophore), used for determination of clinically important analytes, such as urea or creatinine [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21]. However, electrodes selective towards other ions can also be employed as detectors in enzymatic analytical systems.…”

Ion selective electrodes for penicillin-G based on Mn(III)TPP-Cl and their application in pharmaceutical formulations control by sequential injection analysis

“…Different methods are used for penicillin-G determination in pharmaceuticals, namely iodometric titrations and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with spectrophotometric detection [2], potentiometry and amperometry using biosensors [3,4], and even potentiometric ion selective electrodes based on anion exchangers [5]. Iodometric titrations are time-consuming and largely dependent on the operator, thus, providing less accurate results [2].…”

Calorimetric Analysis of Cephalosporins Using an Immobilized TEM-1 β-Lactamase on Ni2+ Chelating Sepharose Fast Flow

“…It is therefore desirable to have reliable methods to follow and compare the activity of the different enzyme preparations. Many such methods have been developed in the field of flow-injection analysis (FIA) 2 (using, e.g., iodometric method (8,9), molybdenum blue method (10), potentiometric method (11,12), and enzyme thermistor (13)). FIA has been successfully applied to the monitoring of several fermentation variables including penicillins and cephalosporins.…”