Environmentally benign solid catalysts for sustainable biodiesel production: A critical review

Alagumalai, Avinash; Mahian, Omid; Hollmann, Frank; Zhang, Wuyuan

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144856

Cited by 93 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 158 publications

(164 reference statements)

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“…Conversion of a by-product of the steel industry into high value added products represents one of the most important goals of circular economy. Steel slag, the large volume byproduct of iron-processing industries, is used to make a variety of composite materials in many countries, but only a few examples report its use in catalysis, providing that preliminary chemical and energy-intensive treatments are carried out [5,6,9]. In this work, for the first time, secondary steel slag, the material directly coming from ladle treatments, is used as a catalyst for the biodiesel production without undergoing any preliminary chemical or thermal modifications.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Industrial wastes or by-products such as catalyst sources can be the solution for biodiesel production at a large scale, assuring low costs and environmental protection. A wide plethora of heterogeneous catalysts derived from biological and industrial waste materials together with their performance in biodiesel production have been recently reviewed [5,6]. Among the waste feedstocks, biomass and coal ash, industrial slag, mud 1 of 11 and rock-based materials, as well as waste scale and waste shell matter have been investigated [7,8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Steel Slag as New Catalyst for the Synthesis of Fames from Soybean Oil

et al. 2021

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For the first time, secondary steel slag, the material directly coming from ladle treatments, is used as a catalyst for the biodiesel production without undergoing any preliminary chemical or thermal modifications. Catalytic material 1, which has been pre-ground to sizes below 230 mesh, has been characterized for the surface textural properties and used as a catalyst in the transesterification of triglycerides of soybean oil to produce biodiesel. Reaction conditions were optimized by DOE method, revealing no interdependence between reaction parameters and results, and showed a catalytic activity comparable with that of an analogous slag-deriving catalyst reported in the literature.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Steel Slag as New Catalyst for the Synthesis of Fames from Soybean Oil

et al. 2021

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“…Biodiesel is defined as a non-toxic, biodegradable, and renewable fuel made of vegetable oil, animal fat, and waste cooking oil that can be produced by different techniques [13][14][15][16][17]. Biodiesel is considered the most carbon neutral fuel with the ability to reduce carbon dioxide emissions by 78% compared to diesel fuel.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Recent Progress of Natural Sources and Manufacturing Process of Biodiesel: A Review

Supriyanto¹,

Sentanuhady

Dwiputra³

et al. 2021

Sustainability

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Biodiesel has caught the attention of many researchers because it has great potential to be a sustainable fossil fuel substitute. Biodiesel has a non-toxic and renewable nature and has been proven to emit less environmentally harmful emissions such as hydrocarbons (HC), and carbon monoxide (CO) as smoke particles during combustion. Problems related to global warming caused by greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions could also be solved by utilizing biodiesel as a daily energy source. However, the expensive cost of biodiesel production, mainly because of the cost of natural feedstock, hinders the potential of biodiesel commercialization. The selection of natural sources of biodiesel should be made with observations from economic, agricultural, and technical perspectives to obtain one feasible biodiesel with superior characteristics. This review paper presents a detailed overview of various natural sources, their physicochemical properties, the performance, emission, and combustion characteristics of biodiesel when used in a diesel engine. The recent progress in studies about natural feedstocks and manufacturing methods used in biodiesel production were evaluated in detail. Finally, the findings of the present work reveal that transesterification is currently the most superior and commonly used biodiesel production method compared to other methods available.

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“…Biodiesel is defined as a non-toxic, biodegradable, and renewable fuel made of vegetable oil, animal fat, and waste and produced by different techniques [13][14][15][16][17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Recent Progress of Natural Source and Manufacturing Process of Biodiesel: A Review

Supriyanto¹,

Sentanuhady²,

Dwiputra³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Biodiesel has caught the attention of many researchers because it has great potential to be sustainable fossil fuel substitute. Biodiesel has non-toxic and renewable nature and has been proven to emit less amount of environmentally harmful emissions such as hydrocarbons (HC), and carbon monoxide (CO), as well as smoke particles during combustion. Problems related to global warming caused by greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions could also be solved by utilizing biodiesel as a daily energy source. However, the expensive cost of biodiesel production, mainly because of the cost of natural feedstock, holds the potential of biodiesel commercialization. The selection of natural sources of biodiesel should be made with observations from economic, agricultural, and technical perspectives to obtain one feasible biodiesel with superior characteristics. This review paper presents a detailed overview of various natural sources, their physicochemical properties, as well as the performance, emission, and combustion characteristics of biodiesel when used in a diesel engine. The recent progress in studies about natural feedstocks and manufacturing methods used in biodiesel production were evaluated in detail. Finally, the findings of the present work reveal that transesterification is currently the most superior and commonly used biodiesel production method compared to other methods available.

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Environmentally benign solid catalysts for sustainable biodiesel production: A critical review

Cited by 93 publications

References 158 publications

Steel Slag as New Catalyst for the Synthesis of Fames from Soybean Oil

Steel Slag as New Catalyst for the Synthesis of Fames from Soybean Oil

The Recent Progress of Natural Sources and Manufacturing Process of Biodiesel: A Review

The Recent Progress of Natural Source and Manufacturing Process of Biodiesel: A Review

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