Environmental impact of sustainable green concrete

Vishwakarma, Vinita; Uthaman, Sudha

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-817854-6.00009-x

Cited by 25 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The average crystallite size of the co-polymers nanoparticles was obtained by an analysis of the peaks widths at the half maximum (FWHD) over a long range of 2 theta, and we applied the Scherrer’s formula used only for medium sizes particles up to about 100 nm [ 38 , 39 ].

where: D —crystallite size; K = Scherrer constant depending on the shape of the crystallite—chosen 0.9 for spherical particles [ 40 ]; λ —wavelength of X-rays (CuK α = 1,54 Å); β —full width at half maximum; θ —diffracted angle of the peak.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of the Poly(ethylene Glycol) Methyl Ether Methacrylates on the Selected Physicochemical Properties of Thermally Sensitive Polymeric Particles for Controlled Drug Delivery

2022

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Thermosensitive copolymers P1–P5 of N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPA) and poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylates (PEGMEMs) were synthesized via surfactant-free precipitation polymerization (SFPP) using ammonium persulfate (APS) at 70 °C. The polymerization course was evaluated by the conductivity. The hydrodynamic diameters and the polydispersity indexes (PDI) of P1–P5 in the 18–45 °C range, which were assessed via dynamic light scattering (DLS), were at 18° (nm): 26.07 ± 0.54 (PDI 0.65 ± 0.03), 68.00 ± 1.10 (PDI 0.56 ± 0,02), 45.12 ± 0.57 (PDI 0.51 ± 0.03), 62.78 ± 0.40 (PDI 0.53 ± 0.003), and 92.95 ± 1.56 (PDI 0.60 ± 0.04), respectively. The lower critical solution temperatures ranged from 31 to 33 ℃. The electrophoretic mobilities estimated the zeta potential in the 18–45 °C range, and at 18 °C, they were (mV): −4.64 ± 1.30, −6.91 ± 2.67, −5.85 ± 3.17, −2.28 ± 0.30, and −3.60 ± 0.96 for P1–P5, respectively. The polymers were characterized by Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier-Transform Infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), H nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA/DTA), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), and powder X-ray diffraction analysis (PXRD). Stable amorphous polymers were obtained. We conclude that the length of the co-monomer chain nonlinearly influences the properties of the obtained thermosensitive polymer nanostructures.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of the Poly(ethylene Glycol) Methyl Ether Methacrylates on the Selected Physicochemical Properties of Thermally Sensitive Polymeric Particles for Controlled Drug Delivery

2022

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“…Cement concrete has long been a structural material in civil engineering and continues to give rise to concepts such as Ultra-High-Performance Concrete (UHPC) [ 1 , 2 ], Recycled Aggregate Concrete [ 3 ] and Fibre-Reinforced Concrete [ 4 , 5 ], proposing 3D Printed Concrete Technology [ 6 ] for new types of construction and driving high-quality development in the engineering industry [ 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 ]. Although concrete is a durable material, the internal structure and materials are subject to various environmental extremes over time [ 12 ], such as high-temperature environments caused by warming [ 13 ], especially dense nano concrete, and these damages have important implications for today’s sustainable development [ 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 ]. Peninsular Malaysia and East Malaysia are closer to the equator in latitude and are exposed to high-temperature environments year-round [ 19 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Concrete Performance Attenuation of Mix Nano-SiO2 and Nano-CaCO3 under High Temperature: A Comprehensive Review

Syamsunur

Memon

et al. 2022

Materials

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Fire and extreme heat environmental changes can have an impact on concrete performance, and as climate change increases, new concrete structures are being developed. Nano-silica and nano-calcium carbonate have shown excellent performances in modifying concrete due to their large specific surface areas. This review describes the changes in concrete modified with nano-silica (NS) and nano-calcium carbonate (NC), which accelerate the hydration reaction with the cementitious materials to produce more C-S-H, resulting in a denser microstructure and improved mechanical properties and durability of the concrete. The mechanical property decay and visualization of deformation of mixed NS and NC concrete were tested by exposure to high temperatures to investigate the practical application of mixed composite nanomaterials (NC+NS) to concrete. The nano-modified concrete had better overall properties and was heated at 200 °C, 400 °C, 600 °C and 800 °C to relatively improve the mechanical properties of the nano concrete structures. The review concluded that high temperatures of 800 °C to 1000 °C severely damaged the structure of the concrete, reducing the mechanical properties by around 60%, and the dense nano concrete structures were more susceptible to cracking and damage. The high temperature resistance of NS and NC-modified nano concrete was relatively higher than that of normal concrete, with NC concrete being more resistant to damage at high temperatures than the NS samples.

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“…Steel slags, fly ash, granulated blast furnace slag, silica fumes, recycled aggregates from construction and demolition waste, and many other are nonbiodegradable materials used in concrete by replacing one of its components. Incorporating recycled materials in concrete prevents large land areas from being landfilled, reduces the extraction of virgin raw materials and the environmental pollution, and contributes to achieving a circular economy [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainable Recycling of Electric Arc Furnace Steel Slag as Aggregate in Concrete: Effects on the Environmental and Technical Performance

et al. 2021

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The aim of this research work was the evaluation of the feasibility to utilize industrial by-products, such as electric arc furnace steel slags, for sustainable concrete production. The paper evaluated the environmental and mechanical properties of steel slags and concrete, respectively. Specifically, the release of contaminants from steel slags was investigated by leaching test and the properties of fresh and hardened concrete were evaluated for a concrete mixture designed with a partial substitution (30%) of natural coarse aggregates with electric arc furnace steel slags. The results show that the concentrations of pollutants were lower than the legal limits imposed by the Ministerial Decree 186/2006 and the addition of steel slag can enhance the mechanical performance of concrete. The compressive strength of cubic specimens was also measured after different cycles of alternate wetting–drying. The steel slag incorporation results in a stiffness comparable to that of a traditional concrete. Overall, the mechanical and leaching characterization has shown that the reuse of electric arc furnace steel slags for sustainable concrete production is feasible and reliable.

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Environmental impact of sustainable green concrete

Cited by 25 publications

References 20 publications

Influence of the Poly(ethylene Glycol) Methyl Ether Methacrylates on the Selected Physicochemical Properties of Thermally Sensitive Polymeric Particles for Controlled Drug Delivery

Influence of the Poly(ethylene Glycol) Methyl Ether Methacrylates on the Selected Physicochemical Properties of Thermally Sensitive Polymeric Particles for Controlled Drug Delivery

Concrete Performance Attenuation of Mix Nano-SiO2 and Nano-CaCO3 under High Temperature: A Comprehensive Review

Sustainable Recycling of Electric Arc Furnace Steel Slag as Aggregate in Concrete: Effects on the Environmental and Technical Performance

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