Concrete Performance Attenuation of Mix Nano-SiO2 and Nano-CaCO3 under High Temperature: A Comprehensive Review

Abstract

Fire and extreme heat environmental changes can have an impact on concrete performance, and as climate change increases, new concrete structures are being developed. Nano-silica and nano-calcium carbonate have shown excellent performances in modifying concrete due to their large specific surface areas. This review describes the changes in concrete modified with nano-silica (NS) and nano-calcium carbonate (NC), which accelerate the hydration reaction with the cementitious materials to produce more C-S-H, resulting in a denser microstructure and improved mechanical properties and durability of the concrete. The mechanical property decay and visualization of deformation of mixed NS and NC concrete were tested by exposure to high temperatures to investigate the practical application of mixed composite nanomaterials (NC+NS) to concrete. The nano-modified concrete had better overall properties and was heated at 200 °C, 400 °C, 600 °C and 800 °C to relatively improve the mechanical properties of the nano concrete structures. The review concluded that high temperatures of 800 °C to 1000 °C severely damaged the structure of the concrete, reducing the mechanical properties by around 60%, and the dense nano concrete structures were more susceptible to cracking and damage. The high temperature resistance of NS and NC-modified nano concrete was relatively higher than that of normal concrete, with NC concrete being more resistant to damage at high temperatures than the NS samples.

Combined Effect of Silicon Dioxide and Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles on Concrete Properties

“…It is evident from these results that adding nanoparticles to the concrete mixture produced less k coefficient composite. This is consistent with the results of previous studies (Saleh et al, 2021;Nazari and Riahi, 2011;Oh et al, 2023;Ren et al, 2018;Khaloo et al, 2016;Syamsunur et al, 2022). It can be concluded that adding some of the nano-SiO 2 as a cement substitute has positive economic effects due to its merits; nano-SiO 2 is a desirable, reliable, and inexpensive substitute compared to other nanomaterials.…”

Nanotechnology and high-performance concrete: Evaluating mechanical transformations

“…It is essential to accurately and promptly predict the durability of HPC (Pengcheng et al 2020). Over the past few decades, nanotechnology has proven to be a competitive means of increasing the durability and strength of construction materials (Syamsunur et al 2022). The term nanotechnology describes the process of creating, assembling and applying functional structures that have a minimum of one feature dimension expressed in nanoscale units.…”

Development of Mortars That Use Recycled Aggregates from a Sodium Silicate Process and the Influence of Graphene Oxide as a Nano-Addition

“…The nanocracks then grow into micro-and macrocracks, which adversely affect the mechanical and durability properties [24]. Graphene oxide, silica, titanium oxide (TiO 2 ), iron (Fe 2 O 3 ), alumina oxide (Al 2 O 3 ), CuO, calcium carbonate, ZnO 2 , and ZrO 2 have been used during the last years in cement and concrete [25][26][27][28][29].…”