Entrepreneurial self-efficacy and intention: do entrepreneurial creativity and education matter?

Abstract

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to present a “moderated-mediation model” covering the nexus between entrepreneurial self-efficacy (ESE) and entrepreneurial intentions (EIs) by comparing an emerging market (China) and a mature market (Spain). By drawing on the theory of planned behaviour and self-efficacy, this study theorizes that entrepreneurial creativity (EC) and attitudes towards entrepreneurship (ATE) mediate the relationship between ESI and EIs; moreover, entrepreneurial education (EE) moderates these relationships. Design/methodology/approach This research employs a survey-based methodology and uses a 37-item questionnaire for a total sample of 808 student respondents from both countries. Further, the study employs the structural equation modelling and confirmatory factor analysis to test the proposed hypotheses. Findings The results indicate that EC and ATE positively mediate the relationship between ESI and EI. Further, with EE, individuals can efficiently develop EC to successfully nurture their EIs, regardless of their countries’ economic maturity. Practical implications Being able to identify the importance of EC and education for future entrepreneurs is of definite concern for all the business eco-system: from intentions of young entrepreneurs to governments; new levers, facilitators and approaches, e.g. policies will be able to be adopted. Originality/value This research provides valuable insights on the importance of EC and education in the determination of EIs in two very distinct markets for the first time.

An Investigation on Creativity Performance in the Context of Leadership Styles and Individual Entrepreneurship

“…However, hypotheses H8 and H11, which assert that self-confidence and self-discipline have a significant effect on creative performance, were rejected. The findings of this research are consistent with the recent work in the literature about planning (Khedhaouria, Guráu, & Torrés, 2015;Shahab et al, 2019), communication (Gupta, 2019;Leiva & Brenes-Sanchez, 2018;Nisula et al, 2017;Barroso-Tanoira, 2017) and about motivation (Nisula, Olander & Henttonen, 2017;Barroso-Tanoira, 2017). Planning, communication and motivation are vital factors in entrepreneurship and all entrepreneurs should have these personal characteristics.…”

Constructing the Assessment Scale of Youth’s Restaurant Entrepreneurship Competency: The Case of Taiwan

“…Their characteristics consisted of tolerance of ambiguity, innovativeness, independence, leadership qualities, and risk-taking propensity of business owners; however, market orientation and self-efficacy were not included. According to Shahab et al (2018), entrepreneurial self-efficacy would impact entrepreneurial intentions dramatically. Camillo et al (2008) identified the difference between a successful and an unsuccessful entrepreneur.…”

The Analysis of the Effect of Entrepreneurship Education, Perceived Desirability, and Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy on University Students’ Entrepreneurial Intention

“…[30] The results show that EEP (entrepreneurship education program) strongly and positively influences some of the physiological characteristics, skills, and knowledge of participants, which is an antecedent of entrepreneurial intentions (Pedrini, Langella and Molteni, 2016). [31] According to the European Commission (2012), "EE in higher education enhances students 'basic competencies in entrepreneurship to strengthen students' Entrepreneurial Intention (EI)". [32] Empirically, research shows that EE can influence the development of EI (Pedrini et al, 2017).…”

“…[68] Empirical studies show a significant positive relationship between the two constructs (e.g. Shahab et al, 2018). [69] Newman et al (2018) conducted a systematic review of the literature on ESE and concluded that there was a significant positive relationship between ESE and EI students and workers.…”