“…From the more obvious island urban landscape of Greek and Phoenician cities to the conjunctural 'insularity' of late fifth century Athens (Constantakopoulou, 2010, p. 137-175) and the Roman Empire under Tiberius at Capri (Campos, 2013;Houston, 1985), the interaction between insularity and urbanity played a key role both in urban formation processes and the integration of Ancient Mediterranean cities in the wider world, especially with the emergence of a 'connectivity paradigm' in the study of Ancient Mediterranean cities . Based on the critique of primitivist models of isolated and autonomies cities, late twentieth century scholars stressed the importance of Mediterranean networks and flows to the understanding of cities in their concrete, spatial contexts, being taken as places rather than (only) political entities (Morales & Silva, 2020, with bibliography).…”