ENTEROTOXIN GENE PROFILE AND ANTIBIOGRAM OF BACILLUS CEREUS STRAINS ISOLATED FROM RAW MEATS AND MEAT PRODUCTS

Abstract

The present investigation was undertaken to study the incidence and antibiogram of enterotoxigenic Bacillus cereus in raw meats and meat products. B. cereus was isolated from 97 (37.45%) of the 259 samples analyzed. Recorded incidences of B. cereus from chicken, chevon, mutton, meat products and swab samples were 33.33, 37.20, 39.47, 51.85 and 26.08%, respectively. Screening of isolates by multiplex polymerase chain reaction revealed the overall distribution of various enterotoxin genes hblD, hblA, hblC, nheA, nheB, nheC, cytK and entFM as 64.94, 64.94, 68.04, 97.83, 95.87, 93.81, 65.98 and 100%, respectively. Sensitivity of isolates to a panel of 10 antimicrobial agents revealed gentamicin (100%), ciprofloxacin (98.97%), chloramphenicol (89.69%) and streptomycin (85.56%) to be the most effective antibiotics, while the highest resistance was noted against penicillin G (91.75%). A relatively higher incidence of B. cereus in meat products, with the majority of isolates harboring all the enterotoxin genes and detection of multiple antibiotic resistant strains, pose a potential public health threat.

Incidence and enterotoxigenic profile of Bacillus cereus in meat and meat products of Uttarakhand, India

“…1, 018,935,884,759,695,618,565,486 indicates hblD, nheB, hblA, nheA, hblC, nheC, cytK and entFM, respectively 10 2 cfu/g to 3.90×10 4 cfu/g in meat products. In support of this, Rather et al (2012) reported similar level of contamination in raw meat but found higher in meat products. Thus, if carcasses are not stored properly, the population of B. cereus may multiply to dangerous levels exceeding 1×10 6 cfu/g within the short span of time.…”

“…The entFM gene was the common enterotoxin gene found in 27 (93 %) B. cereus isolates in this study, Ngamwongsatit et al (2008) also found this gene in all tested isolates of B. cereus. The gene for cytK was found in 12 (41.4 %) of the isolates whereas Wijnands et al (2006), Ngamwongsatit et al (2008, Chitov et al (2008) and Rather et al (2012) detected it in 50, 88, 70.40 and 65.98 % of their isolates, respectively.…”

Gene detection and toxin production evaluation of hemolysin BL of Bacillus cereus isolated from milk and dairy products marketed in Brazil

“…One of the most recent ones were developed by Rather et al (2011) in India addressing raw and pasteurized milk and the detection of HBL genes. In that study the percentages of detection for hblA , hblC and hblD were around 70% for the tested samples.…”

Effect of Ziziphora clinopodioides essential oil on shelf life and fate of Listeria monocytogenes and Staphylococcus aureus in refrigerated chicken meatballs

“…However, it has a short life storage time due to some deterioration during storage especially lipid and protein oxidation and microbial contamination (Yalçın, Alçay, Yüzbaşıoğlu, Çakmak, & Sağlam, ). Previous studies have indicated that it is very vulnerable to numerous foodborne pathogens especially L. monocytogenes , S. aureus , and B. cereus (Rather, Aulakh, Gill, & Ghatak, ; Tewari, Singh, & Singh, ).…”

“…pathogens especially L. monocytogenes, S. aureus, and B. cereus (Rather, Aulakh, Gill, & Ghatak, 2012;Tewari, Singh, & Singh, 2015).…”