“…Inadequate preparation can lead to unsuccessful examinations, impaired polyp detection, increased examination time, complications, an increased probability of procedural repetition, delayed patient treatment, and increased colonoscopy-related costs (Guo et al, 2017;Hernández et al, 2019;Kastenberg et al, 2018). However, current literature shows that nurse-led guidance on bowel preparation prior to colonoscopy is associated with significantly improved results (Andrade et al, 2017;Carvalho et al, 2012). When combined with regular in-person guidance provided by health professionals, a meta-analysis also discovered that elements such as educational leaflets, telephone calls, text messages, and phone applications significantly improved bowel preparation results and increased patient availability when repeat preparations were required (Guo et al, 2017).…”