Enhancing Flood Resilience and Climate Adaptation: The State of the Art and New Directions for Spatial Planning

Abstract

The need to respond to increasing flood risk, climate change, and rapid urban development has shaped innovative policies and practices of spatial planning in many countries over recent decades. As an instrumental–technical intervention, planning is mainly used to improve the physical environment (through concepts such as regulating waterproof facades of architecture, setting buffering zones, and designing green–blue corridors). However, the implementation of the proposed physical interventions is often challenging and necessitates assistance from practices such as climate assessment, policy disciplines, civil societies, and economic resources. These extensive perspectives have spawned many new research domains in the realm of spatial planning. This paper provides a review of the recent developments in flood resilience, risk management, and climate adaptation; based on this, it positions planning research and practice within these works of literature. Four clusters of thought are identified, mainly in the European and American scholarship of the last two decades. They are environmental concerns, disaster management concerns, socio-economic concerns, and institutional concerns. Current planning research concentrates on disaster management in the underlying belief that planning is functionally efficient. The attention to environmental concerns, socio-economic concerns, and institutional concerns of planning research remains insufficient but has been growing. This, in turn, enlarges the scope of planning research and indicates future directions for study. These new concerns relate to spatial planning’s ability to operate effectively in a multi-sectoral setting, despite limited resources and in the face of uncertain risk.

The Policy Design on Preparation and Coping with Flash Flood Mekong River Basin Entrance Inequality Deduction Form Disaster: A Case Study of Mueang Nong Khai District Nong Khai Province, Thailand

“…Weaknesses of flash flood response were also found, such as (1) the early warning system, (2) the disaster emergency plan, and (3) the information and communication. This is consistent with research by Meng, Dabrowski, Stead (2020), describing adaptation to flood response with a focus on a new approach to common spatial planning was the collaboration processes, in terms of decentralized cooperation, collaboration rather than collaboration between organizations, affect the effectiveness of planning in collaboration. In addition, appropriate financial allocation and access to planning-related information, information sharing between sectors and the public's right to openly known information was required, and the establishment of planning cooperation will enable.…”

Spatial Planning and Systems Thinking Tools for Climate Risk Reduction: A Case Study of the Andaman Coast, Thailand

“…The spatial planning discourse also continues to stress the need for more integrative, strategic, and participatory approaches in order to make progress towards overarching development visions such as sustainability and resilience [21][22][23][24]. Although these discourses are by no means separate, they are not sufficiently linked and have much to gain from one another [25]. In this article, we bring together these related discourses and use systems thinking as a tool for capturing complexities and understanding links between climate risk and spatial development.…”

Decision-making in climate change adaptation through a cross-sectoral approach: review

“…VIKOR, FOWA, WEAP (n=1) [16] PROMETHEE II, MCA (n=1) [40] DAP, ROA, MCA (n=1) [39] MCA, SWAT (n=1) [14] GIS based MCA, Fuzzy membership(n=1) [37] Multi variate analysis (n=1) [33] it is mainly targeted for IWRM, flood risk assessment, risk analysis and managing other water related disaster like drought. Seventeen articles are shortlisted in this sector and out of them, seven articles solely focused on flood risk assessment and formulation of adaptation options to cope with it, whereas incorporation of spatial planning along with building flood resilience plan can also be found in Meng et al [44].…”