Enhancing artemisinin content in and delivery from Artemisia annua: a review of alternative, classical, and transgenic approaches

Wani, Kaiser Iqbal; Choudhary, Sadaf; Zehra, Andleeb; Naeem, M.; Weathers, Pamela J.; Aftab, Tariq

doi:10.1007/s00425-021-03676-3

Cited by 40 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 150 publications

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“…L −1 artemisinin. Due to the importance of this antimalaria drug, research into efficient production methods of artemisinin is promoted since decades (see, e.g., reviews by Wani et al 2021 ; Badshah et al 2018 ; Ikram and Simonsen 2017 ). While much higher production rates than in plant cell and organ cultures have been achieved in microbial systems (see below), the biotechnological production of artemisinin cannot yet compete with the large-scale extraction from A. annua plant material.…”

Section: Terpenoidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production of bioactive plant secondary metabolites through in vitro technologies—status and outlook

Wawrosch

Zotchev

2021

Appl Microbiol Biotechnol

106

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Medicinal plants have been used by mankind since ancient times, and many bioactive plant secondary metabolites are applied nowadays both directly as drugs, and as raw materials for semi-synthetic modifications. However, the structural complexity often thwarts cost-efficient chemical synthesis, and the usually low content in the native plant necessitates the processing of large amounts of field-cultivated raw material. The biotechnological manufacturing of such compounds offers a number of advantages like predictable, stable, and year-round sustainable production, scalability, and easier extraction and purification. Plant cell and tissue culture represents one possible alternative to the extraction of phytochemicals from plant material. Although a broad commercialization of such processes has not yet occurred, ongoing research indicates that plant in vitro systems such as cell suspension cultures, organ cultures, and transgenic hairy roots hold a promising potential as sources for bioactive compounds. Progress in the areas of biosynthetic pathway elucidation and genetic manipulation has expanded the possibilities to utilize plant metabolic engineering and heterologous production in microorganisms. This review aims to summarize recent advances in the in vitro production of high-value plant secondary metabolites of medicinal importance.Key points• Bioactive plant secondary metabolites are important for current and future use in medicine• In vitro production is a sustainable alternative to extraction from plants or costly chemical synthesis• Current research addresses plant cell and tissue culture, metabolic engineering, and heterologous production Graphical abstract

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Section: Terpenoidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production of bioactive plant secondary metabolites through in vitro technologies—status and outlook

Wawrosch

Zotchev

2021

Appl Microbiol Biotechnol

106

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“…This sesquiterpene lactone is very effective against chloroquine-resistant strains of P. falciparum malaria and also against various types of cancers and tumors; some viruses, including SARS-CoV-2; tuberculosis; and many other parasites, including Schistosoma sp., Leishmania sp., Borrelia burgdorferi and Trypanosoma sp. [9]. Artemisinin and its derivatives are released by A. annua within the glandular trichomes on the surface of the leaves, stems and flowers [8,10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Foliar Application of Selenium under Nano Silicon on Artemisia annua: Effects on Yield, Antioxidant Status, Essential Oil, Artemisinin Content and Mineral Composition

et al. 2022

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The unique biological properties of A. annua have stimulated the research on its cultivation in different regions of the world. In this study, the effect of the Se and nano-Si supply on the yield, biochemical characteristics and mineral content of A. annua was investigated. Growth stimulation and a significant increase in the antioxidant status were recorded under Se and nano-Si foliar application. A decrease in the number of essential oil components and significant changes in the essential oil amount and composition led to significant phenophase shifts: nano-Si significantly stimulated eucalyptol and artemisia ketone accumulation and decreased germacrene D production, whereas Se demonstrated the opposite effect. A joint Se and nano-Si supply significantly decreased the camphor content and increased artemisia ketone and artemisinin levels by 1.3–1.5 times. Se/Si supplementation affected the macro- and microelements content, causing either a redistribution of leaves/stems elements (Al, Li and Zn) or a significant decrease in Ca, Mg, K, B, Cu, Fe and Mn concentrations in leaves, with no signs in growth inhibition or a decrease in the photosynthetic pigments content. The biofortification of A. annua with Se singly or in combination with nano-Si resulted in the synthesis of products with a Se content of as much as approximately 16% of the daily adequate Se consumption level (ACL) when using 5 g day-1 as a spice, or 36% of ACL when using 50 mL of tea infusion (1:2, v/w). The results indicated a high possibility of Se and nano-Si application toward the regulation of A. annua growth, biochemical characteristics (including essential oil and artemisinin) and mineral content.

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“…In recent years, A. annua extracts and artemisinin have been studied for their anticancer properties [43]. A. annua extract is endowed with anti-inflammatory activities [44].…”

Section: Artemisia Annua (A Annua) a Annua Belongs Tomentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural Products for Cancer Therapy: A Review of Their Mechanism of Actions and Toxicity in the Past Decade

Abdalla

Subramaniam

Nyamathulla

et al. 2022

Journal of Tropical Medicine

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The ethnopharmacological information gathered over many centuries and the presence of diverse metabolites have made the medicinal plants as the prime source of drugs. Despite the positive attributes of natural products, there are many questions pertaining to their mechanism of actions and molecular targets that impede their development as therapeutic agents. One of the major challenges in cancer research is the toxicity exerted by investigational agents towards the host. An understanding of their molecular targets, underlying mechanisms can reveal their anticancer efficacy, help in optimal therapeutic dose selection, to mitigate their side effects and toxicity towards the host. The purpose of this review is to collate details on natural products that are recently been investigated extensively in the past decade for their anticancer potential. Besides, critical analysis of their molecular targets and underlying mechanisms on multiple cancer cell lines, an in-depth probe of their toxicological screening on rodent models is outlined as well to observe the prevalence of their toxicity towards host. This review can provide valuable insights for researchers in developing methods, strategies during preclinical and clinical evaluation of anticancer candidates.

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Enhancing artemisinin content in and delivery from Artemisia annua: a review of alternative, classical, and transgenic approaches

Abstract: Main conclusionThis review analyses the most recent scientific research conducted for the purpose of enhancing artemisinin production. It may help to devise better artemisinin enhancement strategies, so that its production becomes cost effective and becomes available to masses.

Cited by 40 publications

References 150 publications

Production of bioactive plant secondary metabolites through in vitro technologies—status and outlook

Production of bioactive plant secondary metabolites through in vitro technologies—status and outlook

Foliar Application of Selenium under Nano Silicon on Artemisia annua: Effects on Yield, Antioxidant Status, Essential Oil, Artemisinin Content and Mineral Composition

Natural Products for Cancer Therapy: A Review of Their Mechanism of Actions and Toxicity in the Past Decade

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