Enhancement of Green Tires Performance through Ultrasound-Assisted Mixing

Abstract

Combined with the traditional internal mixing process, a custom-built ultrasonic generator was introduced in this study. The effect of ultrasonic parameters on the comprehensive performance of tread rubber formulations was investigated. Compared to the traditional mixing process without ultrasonic wave loading, the introduction of ultrasonic enhanced the dispersion and distribution of composite particles in the rubber matrix and improved the overall performance of rubber products. The devil’s triangle relationship among the rolling resistance, wet skid resistance, and abrasion resistance of tires was improved. When the wet skid resistance was slightly lost, the rolling resistance and wear rate were effectively reduced. This study provides new insights into a strategy for optimizing the mixing process of the traditional internal mixer, reducing vehicle emissions, extending the service life of tires, and promoting the development of green tires.

Shape memory polylactic acid/modified Eucommia ulmoides gum thermoplastic vulcanizates based on excellent interfacial adhesion and co‐continuous structure

“…Then it was reheated to 100 °C. The relative crystalline degree of the prepared EEUG was calculated as follows based on the reheating process in the third heating–cooling–heating cycle: 39 Here, Δ H m and refer to the melting enthalpy of the prepared EEUG and that with perfect crystals.…”

Experimental and application of waste rubber low‐temperature green regeneration through ultrasound‐assisted method

“…The Payne effect is commonly utilized to compare the dispersion level of internal components within blended rubber. 49,50 As demonstrated in Figure 10, the self-developed reclaimed rubber displays a reduced Payne effect compared to the commercially reclaimed rubber when blended with NR indicating better dispersion of internal components in the former. This finding aligns well with the dispersion of carbon black as illustrated in Figure 11, in which the first and second columns depict the carbon black dispersion images of samples obtained by replacing NR with different proportions of self-developed reclaimed rubber and commercially reclaimed rubber, respectively.…”

“…The Payne effect is commonly utilized to compare the dispersion level of internal components within blended rubber 49,50 . As demonstrated in Figure 10, the self‐developed reclaimed rubber displays a reduced Payne effect compared to the commercially reclaimed rubber when blended with NR indicating better dispersion of internal components in the former.…”

Experimental and application of continuous regeneration of waste rubber

“…According to relevant reports, as many as hundreds of millions of tires are scrapped worldwide every year, and more than half of them are directly discarded or incinerated without treatment, bringing serious environmental pollution to the world. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10] As the main component of tires, waste rubber has formed a stable three-dimensional network molecular structure due to the vulcanization and cross-linking reaction, which makes it almost difficult to degrade in nature. [11][12][13][14][15] Therefore, how to make the green treatment of waste rubber has been a major challenge in the field of environmental protection and rubber resource recycling.…”