Enhanced thermal stratification in a liquid storage tank with a porous manifold

Effect of the collector tilt angle on thermal efficiency and stratification of passive water in glass evacuated tube solar water heater

“…As consequence, low flow active water heating systems have proven to offer higher solar fractions than fully mixed tank systems [19]. Several stratification promoters had also been studied such as perforated plates, tubes, porous medias and fabrics [25,26]. Several definitions of indexes, efficiencies and performance numbers have been created for the quantitative evaluation of the stratification process [27,28].…”

Process Intensification Principles Applied to Thermal Energy Storage Systems—A Brief Review

“…More sophisticated diffusers under the same principle are available too such as that studied by Mehling et al (2003). Brown and Lai (2011) designed and tested experimentally an inlet manifold made by rolled nylon screen. A tank with a volume of 315 L and aspect ratio of H/d = 2 is charged by hot water with different temperature (from 30 to 61°C) and flow rates (from 5.73 to 143.85 mL/s).…”

The comparative field performance study of heat pipe evacuated tube collectors with standard design manifold header and parallel flow manifold header based on the metal foam structural element

“…In thermal engineering, MF are used mainly in the area of heat exchangers, where heat exchangers made of MF are becoming more frequently used (Ozmat et al, 2004;Boomsma et al, 2003). Several studies (Michailidis et al, 2013;Wu and Zhao, 2011;Wang et al, 2014) have also dealt with use of MF in a solar energy applications or as a energy storage systems (Brown and Lai, 2011;Kim et al, 2014). The spectrum of the most widely used MF is mainly represented by MF made of copper or aluminium, then less by MF made of zinc and steel alloys.…”