Enhanced sintering of β″-Al2O3/YSZ with the sintering aids of TiO2 and MnO2

Lu, Xiaochuan; Li, Guosheng; Kim, Jin Yong; Meinhardt, Kerry D.

doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2015.06.147

Cited by 28 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Wei et al [ 21 ] found an increase of the Na-β″-alumina phase content of 1.9% by doping with 1.75 wt% TiO 2 , while Yi et al [ 18 ] reported a decrease for all tested doping amounts. Neither of those researchers nor other ones observed any Ti-containing secondary phase [ 21 , 23 , 27 , 32 ]. This is in line with the results in this work since samples doped as high as 5.0 wt% TiO 2 or sintering temperatures of 1700 °C were not described in those publications.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…The reasons for this large improvement compared to other dopants is not clear yet. Lu et al [ 27 ] proposed but did not observe the formation of a transient liquid phase containing compounds such as Na 2 Ti 3 O 7 , Na 8 Ti 5 O 14 , or Na 2 Ti 6 O 13 . The liquid phase could form at temperatures of about 1300 °C and promote the densification process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The characteristic fracture strength and the influence of different sintering regimes were not analyzed. Lu et al [ 27 ] tested co-doped Na-β″-alumina (5 wt% Mn(NO 3 ) 2 , Ti(OCH(CH 3 ) 2 ) 4 , and ZrO 2 ). The ionic conductivity or the characteristic fracture strength of Mn(NO 3 ) 2 -single-doped Na-β″-alumina was not reported, but Lu et al noted a slightly increased shrinkage while sintering Mn(NO 3 ) 2 -doped Na-β″-alumina.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of 3d Transition Metal Doping on Lithium Stabilized Na-β″-Alumina Solid Electrolytes

et al. 2021

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Na-β″-alumina is the commercially most successful solid electrolyte due to its application in ZEBRA and NAS® batteries. In this work, Li-stabilized Na-β″-alumina electrolytes were doped with 3d transition metal oxides, namely TiO2, Mn3O4, and NiO, in order to improve their ionic conductivity and fracture strength. Due to XRD and EDX measurements, it was concluded that Mn- and Ni-ions are incorporated into the crystal lattice of Na-β″-alumina. In contrast, TiO2 doping results in the formation of secondary phases that enable liquid-assisted sintering at temperatures as low as 1500 °C. All dopants increased the characteristic fracture strength of the electrolytes; 1.5 wt% of NiO doping proved to be most efficient and led to a maximal characteristic fracture strength of 296 MPa. Regarding the ionic conductivity, TiO2 doping showed the uppermost value of up to 0.30 S cm−1 at 300 °C. In contrast to the other dopants, TiO2 doping lowered the sintering temperature needed to obtain a dense, stable, and highly conductive Na-β″-alumina electrolyte suitable for applications in Na based batteries.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of 3d Transition Metal Doping on Lithium Stabilized Na-β″-Alumina Solid Electrolytes

et al. 2021

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“…Doping 1 mol% TiO 2 additive into BaZr 0.9 Y 0.1 O 3−δ , the relative density has been improved remarkedly to 91% at 1720°C . At the same time, sintering performance was improved drastically by the addition of sintering aid TiO 2 in Al 2 O 3 ceramic . However, the effects of TiO 2 additive into Y‐doped BaZrO 3 and the interface reaction between Y‐doped BaZrO 3 crucible and titanium‐rich alloys have not been reported.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Sintering behavior of Y‐doped BaZrO₃ refractory with TiO₂ additive and effects of its dissolution on titanium melts

Kang

Chen

Lan

et al. 2018

Int J Applied Ceramic Tech

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In this study, the sintering behavior of Y‐doped BaZrO3 with TiO2 additive and effects of its dissolution on titanium melts were investigated. In order to overcome the difficulty of Y‐doped BaZrO3 sintering performance, the 0‐5 wt% TiO2 was added into Y‐doped BaZrO3 and its densification was investigated by density analyzer, scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X‐ray diffraction (XRD). Thereafter, the interface reaction between two crucibles (without and with 2 wt% TiO2) and titanium alloys, the thermodynamics and kinetics of dissolution reaction were also investigated. The results showed that Y‐doped BaZrO3 was rarely dense without TiO2 additive and its relative density was just 88%, while after doping 2 wt% TiO2, the relative density was more than 97%. However, with the excessive TiO2(>2 wt%) doping, the secondary phase was observed by SEM and XRD. After melting titanium‐rich alloys (Ti2Ni, 66 mol% Ti) by Y‐doped BaZrO3 crucibles without and with 2% TiO2 additive, the erosion layer of the two crucibles was approximately 4000 and 1700 μm, respectively. It was also found that the dissolved reaction rate was related to the density and grain size of Y‐doped BaZrO3 ceramic; the higher density and larger grain size ceramics can effectively prevent the crucible from being eroded by Ti2Ni melt.

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“…For most applications, microstructural control usually means achievement of the high density, small grain size and homogeneous microstructure [1]. Using sintering aids is a well known method for altering microstructure during sintering of ceramic materials which could modify densification characteristics and improve mechanical, magnetic and electrical properties of the fired sample [2][3][4][5][6]. In recent years, it has been shown that using sintering aids with nanoparticle size can reduce the required amount of sintering aids even down to 1 mol% and can also improve properties of the sintered products [7][8][9][10][11][12][13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-temperature sintering of sodium beta alumina ceramics using nanosized SnO2 sintering aid

Ahmadi

2020

PAC

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Sodium beta alumina ceramics (Na 1.67 Al 10.67 Li 0.33 O 17) is used in sodium sulphur batteries as solid electrolyte. In the present work, sodium beta alumina powder has been synthesized by the solid state method using Al 2 O 3 , Na 2 CO 3 and Li 2 CO 3 as the starting materials. The effect of nanosized SnO 2 additive on sintering behaviour, microstructure, mechanical and electrical properties of sodium beta alumina ceramics has been investigated. The results indicated that the addition of 1 mol% of nanosized SnO 2 particles, determined as the optimal amount, can decrease the sintering temperature of sodium beta alumina ceramics for about 100°C, and lead to the excellent densification and proper microstructure, as well. Improvement in sintering behaviour of beta alumina ceramics in the presence of nanosized SnO 2 additive is apparently due to the formation of a liquid phase during the sintering process and lower sodium loss. The results also proved that by SnO 2 addition, ionic conductivity at 300°C, fracture strength and Weibull modulus of the sintered samples are improved by 66%, 58%, and 45%, respectively. These improvements could be attributed to the higher amount of β ′′-Al 2 O 3 phase, higher density and more uniform microstructure.

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Enhanced sintering of β″-Al2O3/YSZ with the sintering aids of TiO2 and MnO2

Cited by 28 publications

References 33 publications

Influence of 3d Transition Metal Doping on Lithium Stabilized Na-β″-Alumina Solid Electrolytes

Influence of 3d Transition Metal Doping on Lithium Stabilized Na-β″-Alumina Solid Electrolytes

Sintering behavior of Y‐doped BaZrO₃ refractory with TiO₂ additive and effects of its dissolution on titanium melts

Low-temperature sintering of sodium beta alumina ceramics using nanosized SnO2 sintering aid

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Enhanced sintering of β″-Al2O3/YSZ with the sintering aids of TiO2 and MnO2

Cited by 28 publications

References 33 publications

Influence of 3d Transition Metal Doping on Lithium Stabilized Na-β″-Alumina Solid Electrolytes

Influence of 3d Transition Metal Doping on Lithium Stabilized Na-β″-Alumina Solid Electrolytes

Sintering behavior of Y‐doped BaZrO3 refractory with TiO2 additive and effects of its dissolution on titanium melts

Low-temperature sintering of sodium beta alumina ceramics using nanosized SnO2 sintering aid

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Sintering behavior of Y‐doped BaZrO₃ refractory with TiO₂ additive and effects of its dissolution on titanium melts