Enhanced sea-ice export from the Arctic during the Younger Dryas

Not, Christelle; Hillaire‐Marcel, Claude

doi:10.1038/ncomms1658

Cited by 47 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 32 publications

(43 reference statements)

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“…Opinions differ about precise timing and routing of GLA overflow during the YD, because different approaches often yield different interpretations (e.g. deVernal et al, 1996;Tarasov and Peltier, 2005;Carlson et al, 2007;Murton et al, 2010;Not and Hillaire-Marcel, 2012;Cronin et al, 2012;Carlson and Clark, 2012). In a recent review, Carlson and Clark (2012) favoured an easterly route, but numerical modelling suggests a large influx of freshwater into the Arctic Ocean was more likely (although not necessarily from GLA: Tarasov and Peltier, 2005), and would have had a more significant impact on ocean circulation (Condron and Winsor, 2012).…”

Section: Proglacial Hydrology Of Ice Sheets and Proglacial Lakesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Marshall and Clarke, 1999;Tarasov and Peltier, 2006;Not and Hillaire-Marcel, 2012), Roche et al (2010) set up a low-resolution modelling study to examine the response of one particular climate model to the input of freshwater of different magnitude and systematically tested all locations. They showed that the effect of freshwater input on the AMOC can be predicted on the basis of an 'advective distance' to the main sites of deep convection.…”

Section: Modelling the Impact Of Iceberg And Meltwater Events On The mentioning

confidence: 99%

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On the reconstruction of palaeo-ice sheets: Recent advances and future challenges

Stokes

Tarasov

Blomdin

et al. 2015

Quaternary Science Reviews

148

104

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Section: Proglacial Hydrology Of Ice Sheets and Proglacial Lakesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Modelling the Impact Of Iceberg And Meltwater Events On The mentioning

confidence: 99%

On the reconstruction of palaeo-ice sheets: Recent advances and future challenges

Stokes

Tarasov

Blomdin

et al. 2015

Quaternary Science Reviews

148

104

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“…Very low sedimentation rates, however, make it difficult to clearly identify the Younger Dryas Event in these cores. A 'marine' evidence for a major drainage event in the Canadian Arctic and increased sea ice formation at the onset of the Younger Dryas was proposed from elevated ice-rafted debris with a mineralogical (dolomite) signature indicative for a Canadian origin, found in a sediment core from Lomonosov Ridge close to the North Pole (Not and Hillaire-Marcel, 2012). This sea-ice signal was further carried by the Beaufort Gyre and then Transpolar Drift system into the North Atlantic.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Modern seasonal variability and deglacial/Holocene change of central Arctic Ocean sea-ice cover: New insights from biomarker proxy records

Fahl

Stein

2012

Earth and Planetary Science Letters

122

103

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Keywords:Arctic Ocean sea ice biomarker IP 25 Younger Dryas sediment trap a b s t r a c t For the reconstruction of sea-ice variability, a biomarker approach which is based on (1) the determination of sea-ice diatom-specific highly-branched isoprenoid (IP 25 ) and (2) the coupling of phytoplankton biomarkers and IP 25 has been used. For the first time, such a data set was obtained from an array of two sediment traps deployed at the southern Lomonosov Ridge in the central Arctic Ocean at water depth of 150 m and 1550 m and recording the seasonal variability of sea ice cover in 1995/1996. These data indicate a predominantly permanent sea ice cover at the trap location between November 1995 and June 1996, an ice-edge situation with increased phytoplankton productivity and sea-ice algae input in July/ August 1996, and the start of new-ice formation in late September. The record of modern sea-ice variability is then used to better interpret data from sediment core PS2458-4 recovered at the Laptev Sea continental slope close to the interception with Lomonosov Ridge and recording the post-glacial to Holocene change in sea-ice cover.Based on IP 25 and phytoplankton biomarker data from Core PS2458-4, minimum sea-ice cover was reconstructed for the Bølling/Allerød warm interval between about 14.5 and 13 calendar kyr BP, followed by a rapid and distinct increase in sea-ice cover at about 12.8 calendar kyr BP. This sea-ice event was directly preceded by a dramatic freshwater event and a collapse of phytoplankton productivity, having started about 100 years earlier. These data are the first direct evidence that enhanced freshwater flux caused enhanced sea-ice formation in the Arctic at the beginning of the Younger Dryas. In combination with a contemporaneous, abrupt and very prominent freshwater/meltwater pulse in the Yermak Plateau/ Fram Strait area these data may furthermore support the hypothesis that strongly enhanced freshwater (and ice) export from the Arctic into the North Atlantic could have played an important trigger role for the onset of the Younger Dryas cold reversal. During the Early Holocene, sea-ice cover steadily increased again (ice-edge situation), reaching modern sea-ice conditions (more or less permanent sea-ice cover) probably at about 7-8 calendar kyr BP.

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“…Planktic isotope data series from the Laptev Sea continental margin, the western Fram Strait and the Greenland Sea show a peak of low values centered at 13 ka [9,79,84] and are consistent with a reconstruction of enhanced sea ice formation off the Laptev Sea [32]. Radiogenic and IRD data from the central Lomonosov Ridge suggest a significantly increased export of sea ice from Arctic North America, close to the area where the freshwater may have entered the Arctic Ocean [60]. These data corroborate the results from terrestrial fieldwork and modeling that argue for a paradigm shift regarding the likely origin of the freshwater as the possible trigger for the YD cold event.…”

Section: Last Deglaciationmentioning

confidence: 72%

The role of Arctic Ocean freshwater during the past 200 ky

Spielhagen

Bauch

2015

Arktos

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As part of the hydrologic cycle, the freshwater system plays a pivotal role for the Arctic Ocean. It maintains the strong stratification in the upper waters and fosters the formation of sea ice on the circum-Arctic shelves from where the ice is being exported toward Fram Strait and into the Nordic Seas. Recent projections of climate change under the greenhouse effect predict severe changes for the hydrologic cycle in the Arctic. This manuscript reviews the current knowledge of past changes in freshwater fluxes to and from the Arctic Ocean and their possible impact on ocean circulation and climate outside the Arctic during the past 200,000 years. It becomes evident that abrupt and large-volume discharges into the Arctic Ocean during times of major climate transitions were capable of disturbing the global ocean circulation and triggering further climate change, e.g., at the onset of the Younger Dryas cold event. During sea-level rise in the Holocene, a connection between the increasing areas available for sea ice formation, the position of the ice margin in the ice export area (the Fram Strait) and the deepwater convection in the Greenland Sea is suggested. Further work is needed to investigate the effects of other catastrophic freshwater discharges from previously ice-dammed lakes in northern Eurasia during the Weichselian and Saalian glaciations. Events like the 8.2 ka and the Younger Dryas, which were associated with flooding and routing of glacial meltwaters and had a significant effect on climate, could serve as a template to better validate the impact of similar occurrences in the past. To date, the actual influence of the earlier events on ocean circulation and climate remains elusive.

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Enhanced sea-ice export from the Arctic during the Younger Dryas

Cited by 47 publications

References 32 publications

On the reconstruction of palaeo-ice sheets: Recent advances and future challenges

On the reconstruction of palaeo-ice sheets: Recent advances and future challenges

Modern seasonal variability and deglacial/Holocene change of central Arctic Ocean sea-ice cover: New insights from biomarker proxy records

The role of Arctic Ocean freshwater during the past 200 ky

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