Enhanced low temperature electrochemical performances of LiFePO 4 /C by surface modification with Ti 3 SiC 2

Critical Review on Low‐Temperature Li‐Ion/Metal Batteries

“…[245][246][247][248] Ti 3 SiC 2 (TSC) with high electrical conductivity (like metals) and superior mechanical property (like ceramics) was reported to modify the LFP/C composite in order to improve the low-temperature electrochemical performance. [249] TSC and carbon cocoating shortened the diffusion path of Li + and reduced polarization, resulting in significant enhancement of low-temperature kinetics (Figure 15c). The 4 wt% TSC coating LFP/C exhibited the best cycle stability and rate performance at low temperatures, delivering 82.8% of RTC and maintaining 97% of initial capacity after 100 cycles at −20 °C.…”

“…Cai et al [249] Conductive polymer 3D network 1.0 m LiPF 6 EC/EMC LFP-PAS 0 °C@1 C 112 mAh g −1 Xie et al [250] 1.0 m LiPF 6 EC/EMC/DEC LFP@C/CNT −25 °C@0.2 C 71.4% of RTC Wu et al [257] 1.0 m LiPF 6 EC/DMC LFP@graphene nanofibers −20 °C@0.1 C 124.4 mAh g −1 Xie et al [253] 1.0 m LiPF 6 EC/DMC LFP/KB −20 °C@10 C 78 mAh g −1…”

“…The corresponding low-temperature electrochemical properties of samples with various content of TSC are also shown. Reproduced with permission [249]. Copyright 2015, Elsevier.…”

Theoretical description on the interface-enhanced conductivity of SDC/LiNa-carbonate composite electrolytes

“…Using the complex-gel auto-combustion process [10], ultrafine SDC powder was first synthesized and then turned into porous SDC pellets by sintering at 1250 1C for 4 h. The as-obtained porous SDC pellets, designated as SDC-1, were featured with fine grains and small pore sizes. By the second method, the similar process was used to prepare the mixed powders of SDC and NiO and then have the SDC/NiO composite pellets sintered at 1500 1C for 4 h. After that, the SDC/NiO pellets were subjected to a reduction treatment in hydrogen at 500 1C for 4 h and then immerged in a dilute nitric acid for 30 h to completely remove the nickel phase.…”

Feasibility of Cathode Surface Coating Technology for High‐Energy Lithium‐ion and Beyond‐Lithium‐ion Batteries

“…[23][24][25][26] For example, high-loading-mass antimony-doped tin oxide (ATO) coated LCO cathode showed improved full cell (with Si anode) volumetric energy density and cycle life because the electronically conductive ATO nanoparticle shells act as a protective layer for LCO and mitigate Co dissolution, LCO phase transitions, and electrolyte degradation at the high operating voltage (4.4 V). [30] Overall, the mechanistic strategy behind the surface coating/ engineering of cathode materials with foreign conductive/nonconductive materials involves not only applying a new coating to act as a protective agent on the surface of host cathode, but also opens up the possibility that superficial doping of foreign metallic/non-metallic ions on the cathode surface could lead to a cation-mixed phase on the surface and thereby improve the structural stability of the host cathode material. Kim [28] Despite the quick capacity and voltage fading of pristine LRO materials, Al 2 O 3 coating of LRO in conjunction with a step-wise pre-cycling treatment led to high discharge capacity of >310 mAh g −1 and enhanced cycle life at the elevated temperature of 50 °C and 4.8 V vs Li.…”