Enhanced HDL‐cholesterol‐associated anti‐oxidant PON‐1 activity in prostate cancer patients

Abstract

Increases in the generation of reactive oxygen species and decreases in antioxidant enzyme activities with aging have been reported in the prostate, and are also observed in age-related disorders such as atherosclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, and cataracts. Several studies have demonstrated that proteins are targets for reactive oxidants in cells, and that oxidized proteins accumulate during aging, oxidative stress and in some pathological conditions. However, only a limited number of studies have actually evaluated oxidative damage in relation to HDL-cholesterol-associated antioxidant enzyme activities or have assessed its relationship with prostate cancer. In this study, we examined the effect of HDL-cholesterol-associated antioxidant enzyme activities, paraoxonase1, arylesterase and new oxidative stress parameters (total oxidant status, total antioxidant status [and oxidative stress index]) in newly-diagnosed prostate cancer patients and healthy controls. There were no significant differences in oxidative stress parameters and lipid parameters between prostate cancer patients and controls, however, paraoxonase1 enzyme activity, and non-HDL-cholesterol levels were higher in prostate cancer patients than controls. The results of this study were derived from a small number of subjects, but might represent an important working hypothesis for further research in a larger number of cases to clarify the role of paraoxonase1 overproduction on the prostate and its clinical relevance.

A pilot study assessing the association between paraoxonase 1 gene polymorphism and prostate cancer

“…[16][17][18] Up to now the relationship between PCa and PON1 activity and polymorphisms has has been also investigated within the scope of similar studies. The study of Eroglu et al [4] is an example of these studies, in which the increased activity of PON1 in Turkish PCa patients has been reported. Additionally, in another study which was performed in Italian population, polymorphisms of three genes (CYP17, GSTP1, and PON1) were described in 384 patients with newly diagnosed PCa and 360 age-matched control patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).…”

“…In addition to the preventive role of PON1 against OS, which is thought to contribute to carcinogenesis, PON1 also contributes to the detoxification of organophosphate compounds and carcinogenic lipid soluble ROS which are generated by lipid peroxidation. [4] As a widely distributed esterase enzyme among all tissues of the body, PON 1 is also present in the blood plasma with a varying degrees of interindividual activities. The source of this functional variability has been shown to be the polymorphisms of the PON 1 gene in epidemiological and molecular studies.…”

“…The most commonly studied functional genetic polymorphisms in the coding region of the PON1 are the polymorphisms at position 55 and 192 of the PON1 genes. [4] In consideration of this antioxidant enzyme activity of PON1, it was hypothesized that the allelic variations of PON 1 due to polymorphisms may have an association with susceptibility to PCa. Therefore in present study, we aimed to assess whether there is any association between PON1 gene polymorphism and PCa.…”

Paraoxonase and arylesterase activity in bladder cancer

“…Eroglu et al [19] found that patients with prostate cancer had significantly lower PON1 levels but without any significant difference between the patients and the controls regarding other oxidative parameters. Enzymatic activity of PON1 has also been investigated in patients with lung, gastric, pancreatic, endometrial, epithelial, ovarian and esophageal cancers, all of which showed significantly lower activity levels for this enzyme.…”

“…[18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26] The present study investigated the potential relationship between BC and the activities of serum PON1 and ARE enzymes.…”