2012
DOI: 10.1088/1758-5082/4/4/042001
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Engineering three-dimensional cell mechanical microenvironment with hydrogels

Abstract: Cell mechanical microenvironment (CMM) significantly affects cell behaviors such as spreading, migration, proliferation and differentiation. However, most studies on cell response to mechanical stimulation are based on two-dimensional (2D) planar substrates, which cannot mimic native three-dimensional (3D) CMM. Accumulating evidence has shown that there is a significant difference in cell behavior in 2D and 3D microenvironments. Among the materials used for engineering 3D CMM, hydrogels have gained increasing … Show more

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Cited by 157 publications
(126 citation statements)
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“…Both the gross scaffold structure and its internal architecture affect the behavior and viability of the cells seeded inside. These properties facilitate cell attachment, proliferation and differentiation within the entire scaffold to organize the cells in a tissue-like manner [20]. In the last few decades, hydrogels have been adopted as standard ECM substitutes due to their biocompatibility, degradability, exceptional oxygen and nutrient permeability [21e24] and structural stability [25].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Both the gross scaffold structure and its internal architecture affect the behavior and viability of the cells seeded inside. These properties facilitate cell attachment, proliferation and differentiation within the entire scaffold to organize the cells in a tissue-like manner [20]. In the last few decades, hydrogels have been adopted as standard ECM substitutes due to their biocompatibility, degradability, exceptional oxygen and nutrient permeability [21e24] and structural stability [25].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…By using this technique, several avascular tissues such as bladder [54] and skin [55] have been engineered effectively. However, due to the limited diffusion properties of these scaffolds, this technique faces several challenges for fabrication of more complex tissues such as heart and liver [56]. Therefore, "bottom-up" methods have been developed to overcome this problem [57].…”
Section: Manufacturing Of Scaffolds With 3-d Printing Technologymentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The bio-ink is emerged as the use of ink-jet printing, including polymer and hydrogel for scaffolds, growth factors, cells in tissue engineering. In this review, we focus the hydrogel for scaffold (10), capable to provide cellular microenvironment (11,12) and building blocks for 3D bio-printing (13). The hydrogels are the polymeric materials derived from naturally or synthetically, capable of embedding water in their three-dimensional network.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%