Engineering Philosophy: The Third Culture?

Lewin, Douglas

doi:10.2307/1574800

Cited by 22 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…This science, subject to debate for acceptability, is firmly based on existing branches of knowledge, such as logic, network theory and mathematics of ordered pairs, and requires knowledge of specialist disciplines whereby integrating conventional and systems science into “scientific enterprise”. This enterprise is applicable to scenarios with living, in particular human, technical and natural components and their complex aggregations and perhaps generates the sought for “engineering theory” (Finniston, 1980; Lewin, 1981).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The introduction of control theories into engineering courses with knowledge base provided mostly by conventional science caused an upheaval because of contradiction between the curiosity-driven science and utility-driven engineering. A number of inquiries tried to resolve the problem but never succeeded, because at that time, there was no acceptable “engineering or systems theory” (Finniston, 1980; Lewin, 1981; Korn, 2016).…”

Section: Problems and Paradigm Changes In Recent Human Intellectual Endeavourmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The “new science” can integrate aspects of conventional science, engineering and systems, it is sympathetic to problem-solving and design at technical and living component level and at the level of their aggregates, i.e. systems engineering in Contour 8 (Lewin, 1981).…”

Section: Problems and Paradigm Changes In Recent Human Intellectual Endeavourmentioning

confidence: 99%

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General principles of systems

Korn¹

2018

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Purpose Three problematic issues followed by paradigm changes over the recent history of human intellectual endeavour are identified as 1. mysticism/superstition to – conventional science (of physics), 2. predominant use of qualitative/quantitative properties for analysis and design to – structural or systemic properties, and 3. current speculative/fragmented, multiple approaches to the “systemic view” to – a firmer knowledge-based approach reflecting the empirical and universal nature of this view. This paper aims to consider the problematic issues, to conclude that conventional science is inadequate to cope with the 2nd paradigm change and to introduce a “new science of systems” which can integrate conventional science and alleviate the 3rd problematic issue by suggesting three principles implemented by linguistic modelling as operational model. Design/methodology/approach The highly successful methodology of conventional science is followed with systemic content by suggesting three general principles of systems, namely, principle of existence (pervasiveness of structural description), principle of complexity (aggregates for emergence of outcomes) and principle of change (change by purpose or chance), and linguistic modelling of static and dynamic scenarios based on natural language as operational model. This language is processed to “elementary constituents”, of which complex structures can be constructed. These constituents are converted into reasoning schemes consisting of “ordered pairs” and “predicate logic statements” in static and dynamic states. Findings Stories of problematic scenarios are converted into the universal scheme of “management/producers” – “products” – “users/consumers” by constructing linguistic networks of products and semantic diagrams of organizations/user/consumers for investigating the emergence of outcomes in analysis and for designing prototypes. Problematic issues of individual objects in a scenario are resolved by methods of conventional science, which is thus integrated with systems science to form the “scientific enterprise”. Research limitations/implications Once the new approach is debated, further developments in the mathematics of ordered pairs, predicate logic and uncertainties are needed. The linguistic basis is to be further investigated. Connection with AI and “logical atomism of Bertrand Russell” is to be explored. Practical implications Further applications to large-scale scenarios by practitioners using the “universal scheme” and development of software are needed. Social implications The approach is rooted in accepted branches of knowledge, is highly teachable and should lead to be used by professionals and others once debated and accepted.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Problems and Paradigm Changes In Recent Human Intellectual Endeavourmentioning

confidence: 99%

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General principles of systems

Korn¹

2018

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“…En otras palabras, di-chos procesos provocan el trabajo colaborativo de manera natural, entre distintos campos, considerando que la transdisciplina se enfoca en el involucramiento activo de sujetos de diferentes disciplinas que trabajan activamente en distintos escenarios con la finalidad de modificar las cosas a partir de la reflexión de problemas transversales, sistémicos y complejos, que los convoca a todos, a realizar propuestas que permitan tomar decisiones y responder de manera activa a los problemas. Relacionado con lo anterior Lewin (1981) señala que no se puede entender un sistema, a menos que se intente cambiar y no se puede cambiar un sistema, a no ser que se cambie la propia consciencia.…”

Section: Conclusiones: Implicaciones Para La Educación En El Mundo Del Diseñounclassified

Mapeos generativos, herramientas de participación interdisciplinaria para la transición socio-ecológica. Prototipado de iniciativas

Zaragoza¹,

Ugarte²,

García³

2021

Cuadernos

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Los retos del mundo contemporáneo hacen evidente la necesidad de herramientas que propicien la participación y acerquen hacia soluciones más justas y sostenibles desde una perspectiva interdisciplinaria. Por otro lado, la disciplina del diseño ha evolucionado hacia prácticas emergentes como es el diseño de servicios, el estratégico y la innovación social, que ubican al diseñador en campos de operación más amplios con la oportunidad de facilitar intervenciones a nivel sistémico. El propósito de este texto es dar cuenta sobre las herramientas metodológicas que hemos adaptado del modelo del Diseño para la Transición de (Irwin y Kossoff, 2015), a partir de una diversidad de talleres y proyectos que van desde la resiliencia hídrica, el fenómeno biocultural del cáncer, la recuperación de saberes tradicionales y nuevas formas de organización en la producción y consumo de alimentos. Nos enfocamos en la experiencia del taller de Diseño para la Transición impartido a docentes del posgrado de la Maestría de Diseño Estratégico e Innovación de la Universidad Iberoamericana de Puebla, que se llevó a cabo en modalidad a distancia en el país, durante la contingencia por la pandemia COVID-19, destacando el papel del Diseño Generativo, provisto a través de la plataforma remota a los participantes, quienes además de familiarizarse con las herramientas, desarrollaron una visión común del problema, localizando iniciativas agroalimentarias en la zona y reconociendo el papel de los estilos de vida como componentes integrales de un cambio hacia otras escalas del sistema. Finalmente reflexionamos como educadores sobre el papel cambiante de la disciplina del diseño, de un enfoque reduccionista y mecanicista, hacia una visión más integral, centrada en el proceso y altamente colaborativa, lo que supone un cambio de mentalidad y sensibilidad del egresado hacia una comprensión de las dinámicas sociales y el cambio en los sistemas.

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“…However, one of the most wide-reaching is through K-12 education. 14,16,18 According to Lewin 21 engineering has become a banal academic subject with the unwanted perception of an anti-social nature in today's contemporary culture. Engineering is perceived to lack social and intellectual respectability, as indicated by recent public polls and the rate of enrollment in engineering programs.…”

Section: Significancementioning

confidence: 99%

Toward A Technologically Literate Society: Elementary School Teachers’ Views Of The Nature Of Engineering

Karataş¹,

Bodner²

2009 Annual Conference &Amp; Exposition Proceedings

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Engineering Philosophy: The Third Culture?

Cited by 22 publications

References 14 publications

General principles of systems

General principles of systems

Mapeos generativos, herramientas de participación interdisciplinaria para la transición socio-ecológica. Prototipado de iniciativas

Toward A Technologically Literate Society: Elementary School Teachers’ Views Of The Nature Of Engineering

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