Energy recovery from solid waste fuels using advanced gasification technology

Morris, Michael; Waldheim, Lars

doi:10.1016/s0956-053x(98)00146-9

Cited by 100 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…The produced raw gas is therefore potentially a mix of pyrolysis gas, syngas and thermally cracked and steam reformed tars. Once cleaned, filtered or upgraded, this gas can be used in a wide variety of processes [6]: fuel cells [7], gas turbines [8], combustion for heat, Fisher Tropsch synthesis [9] or methanol synthesis [10]. Pyro-gasification is highly endothermic.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomass gasification under high solar heat flux: Experiments on thermally thick samples

Pozzobon

Salvador

Bézian

2016

Fuel

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gasification under high solar heat flux: Experiments on thermally thick samples. Fuel, Elsevier, 2016, 174, pp.257-266 Beech wood is exposed to radiative heat flux higher than 1000 kW/m 2 . Sample geometry evolves dramatically. Temperature higher than 1500°C are reached. Tar yield is lowered by thermal cracking and steam reforming. Initial moisture content plays key role in the biomass behavior. t r a c tIn this study, thermally thick samples of beech wood are exposed to radiative heat flux above 1 MW/m 2 (1000 suns). It was motivated by the fact that concentrated solar energy allows to achieve temperatures higher than 1200 °C where char gasification, tar thermal cracking and tar steam reforming can take place. It is achieved using a new experimental device made of an artificial sun and a new reaction chamber, that monitors the sample mass throughout a run and can trap the produced tars using a liquid nitrogen cooled tar condensing device. Thanks to this experimental device, it is possible to compute the average wood consumption rate as well as drying water, char, gas and tar production rates. The produced light gases are also analyzed using microGC. Furthermore, a radiometer is used to monitor surface temperature, which is around 1500 °C. First, a new behavior has been highlighted. Under high radiative heat flux, a char crater which mirrored incident heat flux distribution, is formed inside of the sample. Then, using this device, the impact of two major parameters was tested: wood fiber orientation relative to the solar flux and initial moisture content. Wood fiber orientation (end grain and with the grain) was shown to only have a minor impact on the production rates, gas composition and crater formation. Three initial moisture contents (0, 9 and 55 %wb) were tested. It was shown that increasing the sample moisture leads to direct drying steam gasification of the char produced by the pyrolysis. Moreover, steam also promotes tar steam reforming and therefore decreases the tar yield. Finally, form an energetic point of view, the dry samples can achieve an energetic conversion efficiency of 90%, capturing up to 72% of the incident solar power in chemical form.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomass gasification under high solar heat flux: Experiments on thermally thick samples

Pozzobon

Salvador

Bézian

2016

Fuel

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“…Various thermal processes, like combustion, pyrolysis or gasification have been developed for treating these wastes in the aim to recover energy from the organic fraction [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22]. Various thermal processes, like combustion [3][4][5][6], pyrolysis [3][4][5][6][7] or gasification [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22], have been developed for treating wastes in the aim to recover energy from the organic fraction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Various thermal processes, like combustion [3][4][5][6], pyrolysis [3][4][5][6][7] or gasification [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22], have been developed for treating wastes in the aim to recover energy from the organic fraction. In these papers, which are mainly reviews on the thermo-chemical conversion of biomass/waste to energy, are discussed the performances of the existing thermal processes, and more particularly the gasification processes, in function of the technologies used.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Waste Gasification by Thermal Plasma: A Review

Fabry

Rehmet

Rohani

et al. 2013

Waste Biomass Valor

229

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waste gasification processes based on thermal plasma (DC or AC plasma torches) at lab scale versus typical performances of waste autothermal gasification: LHV of the syngas, cold gas efficiency and net electrical efficiency. In the last part, a review has been done on the various torch technologies used for waste gasification by plasma at industrial scale, the major companies on this market and the perspectives of the industrial development of the waste gasification by thermal plasma. The main conclusions are that plasma technology is considered as a highly attractive route for the processing of waste-to-energy and can be easily adapted to the treatment of various wastes (municipal solid wastes, heavy oil, used car tires, medical wastes …). The high enthalpy, the residence time and high temperature in plasma can advantageously improve the conditions for gasification, which are inaccessible in other thermal processes and can allow reaching, due to low tar content in the syngas, better net electrical efficiency than autothermal processes.

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“…These fuels, distributed widely at low density, are not suitable for the power generation via direct combustion, whose efficiency tends to be low with small scale. Therefore, gasification technology has been studied by many researchers (1)(2)(3)(4)(5) in order to develop the high efficiency power generation system with small scale. Fuel cell power generation, which uses hydrogen as fuel, can achieve higher efficiency in small-scale since chemical energy is directly converted to electricity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hence, it is strongly required to develop the technology for hydrogen-rich gas production from solid wastes. Conventional gasification system (autothermal gasifier) uses air, oxygen or those mixtures with steam as a gasifying agent to supply heat by partial combustion of solid fuels (1)(2)(3) . Product gas of air-blown gasification is diluted by nitrogen, and the large-scale plant is favorable for oxygen-blown gasification from the viewpoint of economical feasibility.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Basic Study on Hydrogen-Rich Gas Production by High Temperature Steam Gasification of Solid Wastes

Umeki

Son

Namioka

et al. 2009

JEE

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In this paper, basic studies on the high temperature steam gasification system which is named as HyPR-MEET system were carried out using the Japanese cedar and pure polyethylene (PE) particles as feedstocks. First, the characteristic of steam gasification is investigated. With each feedstock, the hydrogen concentration increases as the gasification temperature rises, but the increase rate of the hydrogen concentration decreases over the temperature of 1073K for Japanese cedar and 1173K for PE. The increase of the steam/carbon molar ratio also increases the hydrogen concentration. Second, the effectiveness of the Ru/Al 2 O 3 catalyst for steam reforming of tar components is investigated. With use of this catalyst, tar components can be reformed at the temperature of 973K, while the temperature of 1173K is required without use of any catalysts. Furthermore, light hydrocarbon gases are also reformed with this catalyst, and the hydrogen concentration in the reformed gas can reach the value of 55% for Japanese cedar, and of 68% for PE.

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Energy recovery from solid waste fuels using advanced gasification technology

Cited by 100 publications

References 3 publications

Biomass gasification under high solar heat flux: Experiments on thermally thick samples

Biomass gasification under high solar heat flux: Experiments on thermally thick samples

Waste Gasification by Thermal Plasma: A Review

Basic Study on Hydrogen-Rich Gas Production by High Temperature Steam Gasification of Solid Wastes

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