Energy-Efficient In-Memory Paging for Smartphones

Zhong, Kangping; Liu, Duo; Liang, Liang; Xiao, Zhu; Long, Linbo; Wang, Yi; Sha, Edwin Hsing-Mean

doi:10.1109/tcad.2015.2512904

Cited by 23 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…In our previous work [29], we proposed the in-memory paging architecture, in which NVM is used as the swap area and shares part of the physical address space with DRAM. The architecture of using emerging byte-addressable NVM as swap in smartphones differs from using a traditional I/O device based swap (e.g., flash).…”

Section: Architecturementioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Building high-performance smartphones via non-volatile memory

Zhong

Wang

Xiao

et al. 2014

Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Embedded Software

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Smartphones are getting increasingly high-performance with advances in mobile processors and larger main memories to support feature-rich applications. However, the storage subsystem has always been a prohibitive factor that slows down the pace of reaching even higher performance while maintaining good user experience. Despite today's smartphones are equipped with larger-than-ever main memories, they consume more energy and still run out of memory. But the slow NAND flash based storage vetoes the possibility of swapping-an important technique to extend main memory-and leaves a system that constantly terminates user applications under memory pressure.In this paper, we revisit swapping for smartphones with fast, byte-addressable, non-volatile memory (NVM) technologies. Instead of using flash, we build the swap area with NVM, to allow high performance without sacrificing user experience. Based on NVM's high performance and byte-addressability, we show that a copy-on-write swap-in scheme can achieve even better performance by avoiding unnecessary memory copy operations. To avoid fast worn-out of certain NVMs, we also propose Heap-Wear, a wear leveling algorithm that more evenly distributes writes in NVM. Evaluation results based on the Google Nexus 5 smartphone show that our solution can effectively enhance smartphone performance and give better wear-leveling of NVM.

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Section: Architecturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this paper, we only focus on performance and endurance issues. We have discussed energy related issues in previous work [29]. Experimental results show that NVM-Swap can avoid terminating most processes and reduce application launch time by more than 20% when compared to the noswap case and a flash-based swap.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Building high-performance smartphones via non-volatile memory

Zhong

Wang

Xiao

et al. 2014

Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Embedded Software

Self Cite

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“…In earlier versions of Windows phones operating systems, some of the applications running in the memory automatically closed [33] [34]. But with new windows phone operating system, this issue is resolved to some extent but still they are not too much faster with compare to Android and iOS.…”

Section: Performance In Windowsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resource management and security issues in mobile phone operating systems: A comparative analysis

Awan

Waqar

Faseeh

et al. 2017

Preprint

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Nowadays Mobile phones are becoming more popular in our daily lives. Mobile technology has a great effect on human life. Our daily tasks are dependent on mobile devices. Memory Management (MM), Security and Performance plays an important role in every handheld device specially in mobile phones, which are very much dependent on their operating system (OS). These embedded operating systems are on the driving seat when we talk about efficient and useful memory management and secure handling. Three popular OS in mobile phones are Android, Windows and iOS (iPhone OS). Each OS has its own way of managing the memory and provide it to certain number of applications. Android is an open software available for the people to modify as per their needs. But Windows and iOS operating systems didn"t allow their software as open source. Researchers have done a large amount of work using different mechanisms and decision makings to develop new ways to manage the memory of these OS"s. This work shows a comparative analysis of different memory management and security related techniques in above three operating systems. In this paper, we present the analysis of memory management and security in mobile phone operating systems with respect to apps, main memory, cache memory and virtual memory. Also, we compare the overall performance of these OS"s in terms of MM, security concerns. This study will help in finding better operating system in terms of efficient memory management and security.

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“…Many researches focus on PCM optimizations [6]- [12]. In this section, we discuss those regarding energy optimizations for MLC PCM.…”

Section: B Other Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Minimizing MLC PCM write energy for free through profiling-based state remapping

Zhao

Xue

Yang

2015

The 20th Asia and South Pacific Design Automation Conference

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Phase change memory is becoming one of the most promising candidates to replace DRAM as main memory in deep sub-micron regime. Multi-level cell (MLC) PCM outperforms single level cell (SLC) PCM in terms of storage capacity but requires an iterative programming-and-verifying scheme to program cells to different resistance levels. The energy consumed in programming different MLC states varies significantly, thus motivating a state remapping technique to minimize the overall write energy. In this paper, we first compare dynamic and static state remapping strategies in terms of their efficacy in reducing energy, and then propose an effective and low-cost static state remapping algorithm. The experimental studies show 10.6% average (up to 16.9%) reduction in MLC PCM write energy, achieved within negligible hardware and performance overhead. Compared with the most related work, the proposed scheme saves more write energy on average, with near-zero performance, area and energy overhead.

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Energy-Efficient In-Memory Paging for Smartphones

Cited by 23 publications

References 36 publications

Building high-performance smartphones via non-volatile memory

Building high-performance smartphones via non-volatile memory

Resource management and security issues in mobile phone operating systems: A comparative analysis

Minimizing MLC PCM write energy for free through profiling-based state remapping

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