Energy-efficient elevators and escalators in Europe: An analysis of energy efficiency potentials and policy measures

Almeida, Anı́bal T. de; Hirzel, Simon; Patrão, Carlos; Fong, João; Dütschke, Elisabeth

doi:10.1016/j.enbuild.2011.11.053

Cited by 55 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Among previous studies on escalator annual energy consumption is the E4 campaign [9], targeted to improve the energy performance of elevators and escalators in Europe. During the campaign, seven escalators were monitored, where measurements were carried out on empty escalators and annual energy consumption values were calculated by multiplying running consumption with a typical load factor.…”

Section: Previous Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predicting the annual escalator energy consumption based on short-term measurements

Uimonen

Tukia

Siikonen³

et al. 2017

Journal of Building Engineering

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This article presents a novel approach for the annual energy consumption estimation in escalator technology. The method is based on short-term energy measurements of several day types within a week. It is best suitable for appliances where the passenger flow is weekly recurring. This article explores the implication of the method with seasonal changes, as well as stresses the impact of various day types and holidays on annual energy consumption estimation. The performance of the proposed method was compared with the existing approaches of energy consumption estimation in the standard ISO 25745-3 and annual energy measurement results. The approach is favorable among other existing approaches because it does not require additional passenger measurements, while providing more accurate results.

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Section: Previous Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predicting the annual escalator energy consumption based on short-term measurements

Uimonen

Tukia

Siikonen³

et al. 2017

Journal of Building Engineering

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“…In this case, and according to the International Performance Measurement and Verification Protocol [31], savings were determined through simulation of the energy use, because the escalator's variable frequency drive efficiency curve showed a severe energy efficiency loss at reduced speeds. However, taking into account that the feasibility of the suggested approach (energy savings through speed modulation) is already well-documented in the existing literature [34,35] and is rapidly hitting the market [35], a model was calibrated to replicate exactly the measured escalator power and efficiency curves. Consequently, and in accordance with the International Performance Measurement and Verification Protocol [31], the energy savings were estimated by simulating the model on the real data recorded by the occupancy network.…”

Section: Escalatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

SEAM4US: An intelligent energy management system for underground stations

et al. 2016

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Aquesta és una còpia de la versió author's final draft d'un article publicat a la revista Applied energy. URL d'aquest document a UPCommons E-prints: http://hdl.handle.net/2117/87703 Article publicat / Published paper:Casals, M., Gangolells, M., Forcada, N., Macarulla, M., Giretti, A., Vaccarini, M. (2016) SEAM4US: an intelligent energy management system for underground stations. . Aquesta versió està disponible sota la llicència CC-BY-NC-ND 3.0 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/es/ 1 Casals M., Gangolells M., Forcada N., Macarulla M., Giretti A., Vaccarini M. SEAM4US: an intelligent energy management system for underground stations. Applied Energy, 2016, 166: 150-164. ABSTRACT Several previous research initiatives have highlighted the role of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) as key enablers for decreasing energy usage in buildings. However, few advances have been achieved in underground public spaces. This paper introduces a novel intelligent energy management system for underground stations. The system implements artificial intelligence solutions for autonomous building system control, based on advanced control algorithms that can learn from previous operations and situations. The robustness needed to operate in public spaces is achieved through a seamlessly integrated monitoring grid with self-diagnosis mechanisms. A middleware platform integrates existing devices, subsystems and newly deployed sensor-actuator networks. Results obtained during the implementation of the system in a prototype underground station showed potential yearly energy savings ranging between 74,336 and 87,339 kWh. The highest energy savings potential was found in the ventilation subsystem (30.6 % ± 2.0%), followed by the lighting system (24.1% ± 1.9%) and escalators (8.5% ± 1.9%).

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“…Low-VOC finishing materials in a green elevator design can include components made of bamboo, recycled carpet, and hard surface coverings with low VOC sealants and adhesives. Interestingly, some elevator companies, such as Otis, have "doubled" their commitment to the environment by not only engineering energy-saving products but also by manufacturing them in a way that is kinder to the environment [23].…”

Section: Other Technologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other technologies related to elevators are discussed in the subsequent section. In order to provide development continuity, the discussion starts by briefly mentioning earlier energy-efficient innovations and then moves quickly to the most recent ones [8,12,23].…”

Section: Recent Technological Developmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Researcher Patrick Bass writes of recent examples of ThyssenKrupp technologies that provide energy savings of about 27% and space saving of about 30% [22]. Research on energy efficiency conducted by De Almeida and colleagues has indicated that "considerable technical efficiency potentials exist for elevators (more than 60%)" [23]. They write "By improving the energy efficiency in existing and new equipment, elevators and escalators can contribute to current energy and climate targets in Europe."…”

Section: Recent Technological Developmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Tall Buildings and Elevators: A Review of Recent Technological Advances

Al‐Kodmany

2015

Buildings

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Efficient vertical mobility is a critical component of tall building development and construction. This paper investigates recent advances in elevator technology and examines their impact on tall building development. It maps out, organizes, and collates complex and scattered information on multiple aspects of elevator design, and presents them in an accessible and non-technical discourse. Importantly, the paper contextualizes recent technological innovations by examining their implementations in recent major projects including One World Trade Center in New York; Shanghai Tower in Shanghai; Burj Khalifa in Dubai; Kingdom Tower in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; and the green retrofit project of the Empire State Building in New York. Further, the paper discusses future vertical transportation models including a vertical subway concept, a space lift, and electromagnetic levitation technology. As these new technological advancements in elevator design empower architects to create new forms and shapes of large-scale, mixed-use developments, this paper concludes by highlighting the need for interdisciplinary research in incorporating elevators in skyscrapers.

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Energy-efficient elevators and escalators in Europe: An analysis of energy efficiency potentials and policy measures

Cited by 55 publications

References 3 publications

Predicting the annual escalator energy consumption based on short-term measurements

Predicting the annual escalator energy consumption based on short-term measurements

SEAM4US: An intelligent energy management system for underground stations

Tall Buildings and Elevators: A Review of Recent Technological Advances

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